四川地区中老年人不同肥胖代谢表型的膳食模式现状分析

魏瑶瑶; 林嘉玲; 蒲芳芳; 石磊; 胡雯

doi:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202304062

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四川地区中老年人不同肥胖代谢表型的膳食模式现状分析

专题报道：慢性病的营养干预 | 更新时间：2026-01-09

- 四川地区中老年人不同肥胖代谢表型的膳食模式现状分析
- Current situation analysis of dietary patterns among middle-aged and elderly with different obesity metabolic phenotypes in Sichuan area
- 陆军军医大学学报 2023年45卷第15期页码：1596-1603
- 作者机构：
  
  1.610041 成都，四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院营养与食品卫生学系
  2.610500 成都，成都医学院检验医学院
  3.610041 成都，四川大学华西医院临床营养科
- 作者简介：
  
  [胡雯，E-mail: wendy_nutrition@163.com HU Wen, E-mail: wendy_nutrition@163.com
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.16016/j.2097-0927.202304062
  中图分类号： R151.42;R153.3;R589.2
- 收稿：2023-04-13，
  
  修回：2023-05-20，
  
  纸质出版：2023-08-15
- 稿件说明：
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魏瑶瑶, 林嘉玲, 蒲芳芳, 等. 四川地区中老年人不同肥胖代谢表型的膳食模式现状分析[J]. 陆军军医大学学报, 2023,45(15):1596-1603.

Yaoyao WEI, Jialing LIN, Fangfang PU, et al. Current situation analysis of dietary patterns among middle-aged and elderly with different obesity metabolic phenotypes in Sichuan area[J]. Journal of Army Medical University, 2023, 45(15): 1596-1603.
魏瑶瑶, 林嘉玲, 蒲芳芳, 等. 四川地区中老年人不同肥胖代谢表型的膳食模式现状分析[J]. 陆军军医大学学报, 2023,45(15):1596-1603. DOI： 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202304062.

Yaoyao WEI, Jialing LIN, Fangfang PU, et al. Current situation analysis of dietary patterns among middle-aged and elderly with different obesity metabolic phenotypes in Sichuan area[J]. Journal of Army Medical University, 2023, 45(15): 1596-1603. DOI： 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202304062.

摘要

目的

了解四川地区中老年人群不同肥胖代谢表型人群的膳食模式现状。

方法

从2019-2021年四川大学华西医院自然人群健康队列研究的基线调查中筛选出符合条件的中老年人15 160例，根据肥胖代谢表型判定标准将其分成4个亚组: 代谢健康型非肥胖组(MHNO)、代谢不健康型非肥胖组(MUNO)、代谢健康型肥胖组(MHO)、代谢不健康型肥胖组(MUO)。以食物频率法进行膳食调查；主成分分析法(PCA)提取膳食模式；方差分析比较不同膳食模式间能量及产能营养素摄入量的差异；卡方检验比较不同肥胖代谢表型人群的膳食模式分布，并按性别、年龄段进行分层分析。

结果

四川地区15 160例中老年人不同肥胖代谢表型的人数(构成比)为MHNO组8 34

0人(55.0%)、MUNO组4 789人(31.6%)、MHO组763人(5.0%)、MUO组1 268人(8.4%)。四川地区中老年人膳食模式主要有4种: 豆类蔬果膳食模式(22.5%)，米面腌制品膳食模式(25.5%)，内脏饮料膳食模式(21.1%)，蛋奶类膳食模式(30.9%)。不同肥胖代谢表型人群的膳食模式分布如下: MHNO组、MUNO组和MHO组以蛋奶类膳食模式为主，MUO组以米面腌制品膳食模式为主。不同肥胖代谢表型人群的膳食模式分布差异有统计学意义(

＜0.05)，米面腌制品膳食模式在不同肥胖代谢表型人群中占比MUO组

MUNO组

MHNO组；蛋奶类膳食模式在MUO组占比较MHNO组和MUNO组低。不同年龄段女性肥胖代谢表型的膳食模式分布差异均有统计学意义(

＜0.05): 对于45~＜60岁女性，其肥胖代谢表型的膳食模式分布与总人群的研究结果相似；对于≥60岁女性，内脏饮料膳食模式在MUO组占比较MHNO组和MUNO组高。

结论

四川地区中老年人不同肥胖代谢表型人群的膳食模式分布存在差异，建议MUO组人群在日常饮食中应适当减少米面和腌制品的摄入量，增加蛋类和奶类的摄入。对于≥60岁女性MUO组人群，应适当减少内脏和饮料的摄入量。

Abstract

Objective

To explore the current dietary patterns of different obesity metabolic phenotypes in the middle-aged and elderly population in Sichuan area.

Methods

From the baseline survey of the Natural Population Health Cohort Study at West China Hospital

Sichuan University from 2019-2021

15 160 eligible middle-aged and older adults were screened out

and then based on their obesity metabolic phenotypes

they were divided into metabolic healthy non-obesity (MHNO)

metabolic unhealthy non-obesity (MUNO)

metabolic healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolic unhealthy obesity (MUO) groups. Dietary survey was conducted by food frequency questionnaire. The dietary pattern was extracted by principal component analysis. ANOVA was performed to compare the differences in energy and nutrients among the participants with different dietary patterns.

Chi

-square test was used to compare the distribution of dietary patterns among people with different obese metabolic phenotypes

and stratified analysis was performed by gender and age groups.

Results

Among the 15 160 middle-aged and elderly participants in Sichuan area

there were 8 340 (55.0%) in the MHNO group

4 789 (31.6%) in the MUNO group

763 (5.0%) in the MHO group

and 1 268 (8.4%) in the MUO g

roup. The dietary patterns of these participants mainly consisted of following 4 types: legumes and fruits (22.5%)

rice

flour and pickled products (25.5%)

offal and drinks (21.1%) and egg and milk (30.9%). The dietary patterns of the different obesity metabolic phenotypes were distributed as follows: the MHNO

MUNO and MHO groups had a predominantly egg and milk diet

while the MUO group had a predominantly rice

flour and pickled products diet. There were statistical differences in the distributions of dietary patterns among different obesity metabolic phenotypes (

0.05): the dietary patterns of rice

flour and pickled products accounted for the following percentages among different obesity metabolic phenotypes: MUO

MUNO

MHNO; the dietary patterns of egg and milk were lower in the MUO group than in the MHNO and MUNO groups. The distribution of dietary patterns for the metabolic phenotypes of obesity was statistically different in all age groups of women(

0.05). For the women aged 45-

60 years

the distribution of dietary patterns of obesity metabolic phenotypes was similar to that found in the total population. For the women aged ≥60 years

the offal and drinks dietary pattern was more common in the MUO group than the MHNO and MUNO groups.

Conclusion

There are differences in the distribution of dietary patterns among middle-aged and elderly people with different obesity metabolic phenotypes in Sichuan area. It is recommended that the MUO people should reduce the intake of rice

flour and pickled products and increase the intake of eggs and milk in their daily diet. In addition

for the female MUO people ≥60 years of age

the intake of offal and beverages should be reduced appropriately.

关键词

Keywords

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