新型冠状病毒疫苗佐剂的研究现状与展望

李海波; 程浩

doi:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202205047

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新型冠状病毒疫苗佐剂的研究现状与展望

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- 新型冠状病毒疫苗佐剂的研究现状与展望
- Current status and prospect for development of COVID-19 vaccine adjuvants
- 陆军军医大学学报 2022年44卷第23期页码：2353-2359
- 作者机构：
  
  400038 重庆，陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)药学与检验医学系微生物与生化药学教研室，国家免疫生物制品工程技术研究中心
- 作者简介：
  
  [李海波，博士，教授，博士生导师。担任重庆药理学会理事，军队生物安全战略智库委员会专家组秘书等学术任职；主持国家、军队、省部级课题或项目11项，包括国家自然科学基金、重庆市自然科学基金重点项目、国防基础科研计划项目和军队生物安全专项子课题等，获“创新杯”国防科技创新大赛优胜奖，陆军军医大学优秀教员；主编或参编(译)专著6部；获国家发明专利授权7项，主笔撰写的多篇研究咨询报告被中央军委机关采纳，以第一作者或通信作者发表论文40余篇，其中SCI论文20余篇。主要从事疫苗佐剂的发现和分子设计研究。E-mail: lihaibo@tmmu.edu.cnLI Haibo, E-mail: lihaibo@tmmu.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金面上项目(32270988);重庆市自然科学基金重点项目(cstc2020jcyj-zdxmX0027)
- DOI：10.16016/j.2097-0927.202205047
  中图分类号： R373.1;R392.7
- 收稿：2022-05-10，
  
  修回：2022-06-24，
  
  纸质出版：2022-12-15
- 稿件说明：
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李海波, 程浩. 新型冠状病毒疫苗佐剂的研究现状与展望[J]. 陆军军医大学学报, 2022,44(23):2353-2359.

Haibo LI, Hao CHENG. Current status and prospect for development of COVID-19 vaccine adjuvants[J]. Journal of Army Medical University, 2022, 44(23): 2353-2359.
李海波, 程浩. 新型冠状病毒疫苗佐剂的研究现状与展望[J]. 陆军军医大学学报, 2022,44(23):2353-2359. DOI： 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202205047.

Haibo LI, Hao CHENG. Current status and prospect for development of COVID-19 vaccine adjuvants[J]. Journal of Army Medical University, 2022, 44(23): 2353-2359. DOI： 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202205047.

摘要

疫苗是预防新冠病毒感染最经济和最有效的手段。佐剂能增强抗原特异性免疫应答，减少抗原剂量和接种次数，重塑适应性免疫反应，对提高新冠病毒疫苗的保护效果至关重要。本文评述了已经授权紧急使用或正在开展临床试验的新冠病毒疫苗所用佐剂及其作用机制和优缺点，分析了新冠病毒疫苗研发中应用佐剂须考虑的问题，并对新冠病毒疫苗佐剂的未来研究方向进行了展望：①针对免疫功能不全人群的佐剂；②增强T细胞应答的佐剂；③新型黏膜免疫佐剂；④复合佐剂的合理设计。

Abstract

Vaccines are the most economical and effective means to protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Adjuvants are able to enhance antigen-specific immune responses

reduce antigen doses and vaccination times

and reshape adaptive immune responses

which are crucial to improving the protective efficacy of vaccines. In this article

we review the mechanisms and advantages/disadvantages of the adjuvants used in COVID-19 vaccines that have been authorized for emergency use or are undergoing clinical trials around the world

and analyze the issues that must be considered in the application of adjuvants to COVID-19 vaccines. In addition

we put forward suggestions for future research strategies for COVID-19 vaccine adjuvants: ① adjuvants for immunocompromised people

② adjuvants for inducing T cell responses

③ novel mucosal immune adjuvants

and ④ the rational design of combination adjuvant.

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Keywords

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