我国退役军人抑郁症状特点及相关因素分析

李媛媛; 廖兴亚; 张小玲; 熊珂; 孙淑娟; 苗宽; 汤林宁; 汤泉; 赵梦雪; 冯正直

doi:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202202100

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我国退役军人抑郁症状特点及相关因素分析

专题报道：军人心理效能提升 | 更新时间：2026-01-09

- 我国退役军人抑郁症状特点及相关因素分析
- Characteristics of depressive symptoms and related factors in Chinese veterans
- 陆军军医大学学报 2022年44卷第19期页码：1911-1922
- 作者机构：
  
  1.400038 重庆, 陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)医学心理系
  2.100042 北京, 解放军总医院京西医疗区高井门诊部
  3.510515 广州, 火箭军广州特勤疗养中心
  4.100094 北京, 联勤保障部队第九八四医院医学心理科
- 作者简介：
  
  [ 冯正直，E-mail：fzz@tmmu.edu.cn FENG Zhengzhi, E-mail: fzz@tmmu.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金面上项目(81971278)
- DOI：10.16016/j.2097-0927.202202100
  中图分类号： R395.1;R749.4;R821.2
- 收稿：2022-02-20，
  
  修回：2022-04-13，
  
  纸质出版：2022-10-15
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
李媛媛, 廖兴亚, 张小玲, 等. 我国退役军人抑郁症状特点及相关因素分析[J]. 陆军军医大学学报, 2022,44(19):1911-1922.

Yuanyuan LI, Xingya LIAO, Xiaoling ZHANG, et al. Characteristics of depressive symptoms and related factors in Chinese veterans[J]. Journal of Army Medical University, 2022, 44(19): 1911-1922.
李媛媛, 廖兴亚, 张小玲, 等. 我国退役军人抑郁症状特点及相关因素分析[J]. 陆军军医大学学报, 2022,44(19):1911-1922. DOI： 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202202100.

Yuanyuan LI, Xingya LIAO, Xiaoling ZHANG, et al. Characteristics of depressive symptoms and related factors in Chinese veterans[J]. Journal of Army Medical University, 2022, 44(19): 1911-1922. DOI： 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202202100.

摘要

目的

研究我国退役军人抑郁症状特点及其相关因素。

方法

采用分层方便抽样，对我国三大经济带12个城市2 400名退役军人采用患者健康问卷抑郁量表(Patients’ Health Questionnaire

PHQ-9)及自编一般情况问卷进行抑郁症状调查，采用非参数检验、皮尔森卡方检验、二元Logistic回归进行分析。

结果

① 我国退役军人抑郁症状总体发生率39.0%

其中轻度抑郁症状发生率22.1%，中度发生率8.5%，重度发生率8.3%；②女性、城镇、25岁以上、目前患病者抑郁症状发生率及得分高于男性、农村、18~25岁、未患病者(

0.01)，初中及以下受

教育程度、离婚抑郁症状发生率及得分高于大学及以上、未婚和已婚者(

0.05)，家庭人均可支配年收入≤7 400元者抑郁症状发生率高于

7 400~16 000元者(

0.01)，工人抑郁症状得分高于党政机关、企事业领导干部(

0.05)，不同水平抑郁症状构成比在除人均GDP外的所有人口学信息上差异有统计学意义(

0.05)；③特殊军事作业环境中服役、服役期间患重病的退役军人抑郁症状发生率及得分高于未在特殊环境服役者、未患重病者(

0.01)，服役＜8年、火箭军、参战、集体退役、复员抑郁症状发生率及得分高于服役≥30年、陆军、未参战、达龄/年限退役、退休(

0.05)；退役军人不同水平抑郁症状构成比在除服役职级、立功受奖外的军事职业信息上存在统计学差异(

0.05)；④抑郁症状危险因素为高人均GDP地区、女性、25~30岁、离婚、目前患重病、火箭军、特殊环境服役、服役期间患重病、复员(

0.05)；抑郁症状保护因素为教育程度大学及以上，家庭人均可支配收入

7 400~14 000元、

25 000~39 000元(

0.05)。

结论

我国退役军人抑郁症状发生率受到性别、年龄、婚姻状况等人口学因素和服役年限、参加的军事作业类型等服役经历影响，复员、集体退役军人群体应引起格外关注。

Abstract

Objective

To investigate the characteristics of depressive symptoms and related factors in Chinese veterans.

Methods

A total of 2 400 veterans were selected by stratified sampling and convenient sampling from 12 cities in Chinese 3 economic belts. Self-designed general questionnaire and Patients' Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were used to investigate their depressive symptoms. Nonparametric test

Pearson

Chi

-square test and Binary logistic regression analysis were employed to conduct statistical analysis.

Results

① The incidence of depression was 39.0% in the subjected Chinese veterans

with mild depression accounting for 22.1%

moderate depression for 8.5%

and severe depression for 8.3%. ②The incidence and score of depressive symptoms were higher in female

living in urban

younger than 25 years and with illness than the male

living in rural areas and healthy participants (

0.01). Those with educational level less than junior middle school and the divorced had statistically higher incidence and score of depressive symptoms

than those with college or above educational level

and the unmarried and married (

0.05). The incidence of depression was higher in those with household per capita disposable annual income ≤7 400 Yuan than those of

7 400~16 000 Yuan (

0.01)

and the score of workers was higher than leaders in enterprises and public institutions (

0.05). There were significant differences in the composition ratio of depressive symptoms at different levels in all demographic information except per capita GDP. ③The incidence and score of depressive symptoms were higher in servicing in special military environment and having seriously disease during service than those not servicing in special military environment and not having disease during serving. The incidence and score of depressive symptoms were higher in serving for 30 years or longer

rocket army

war experience

collective unified released from servicing

and demobilization than those in servicing less than 8 years

army

not being in war

full retirement and retirement (

0.05). There were significant differences in the composition ratio of depression symptoms at different levels in all military occupation except getting awards and promoting service rank levels (

0.05). ④ Living in areas with high per capita GDP

female

25~30 years old

being divorced

having seriously disease

rocket army

servicing in special military environment

having severe diseases during service and demobilization were risk factors for the incidence of depression (

0.05); College and above educational level

household per capita disposable income of

7 400~14 000 Yuan and

25 000~39 000 Yuan were protective factors (

0.05).

Conclusion

The incidence of depression in Chinese veterans is affected by demographic factors (sex

age and marital status) and military serving experience (years of service and military occupation). Special attention should be paid to those with demobilization and collective ex-servicemen.

关键词

Keywords

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