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1.武汉科技大学医学院,武汉 430065
2.武汉科技大学附属老年病医院消化内科,武汉 430065
周 文,Email:1532090194@qq.com, 研究方向:睡眠与认知障碍。
黄招兰,Email:huangzhaolan@wust.edu.cn。
收稿:2026-01-12,
修回:2026-03-02,
录用:2026-03-05,
纸质出版:2026-05-28
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周文,罗玉,胡斐斐,等.睡眠问题与轻度认知障碍和认知分域的关联:一项基于6 231名老年人的横断面研究[J].重庆医科大学学报,2026,51(5):669-678.
Zhou Wen,Luo Yu,Hu Feifei,et al.Association of sleep problems with mild cognitive impairment and cognitive domains:a cross-sectional study of 6 231 elderly individuals[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,2026,51(5):669-678.
周文,罗玉,胡斐斐,等.睡眠问题与轻度认知障碍和认知分域的关联:一项基于6 231名老年人的横断面研究[J].重庆医科大学学报,2026,51(5):669-678. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.004068.
Zhou Wen,Luo Yu,Hu Feifei,et al.Association of sleep problems with mild cognitive impairment and cognitive domains:a cross-sectional study of 6 231 elderly individuals[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,2026,51(5):669-678. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.004068.
目的
2
探讨7种睡眠问题与轻度认知障碍(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)患病率及认知分域的关联。
方法
2
基于湖北老年记忆队列(Hubei memory and aging cohort study,HMACS)横断面数据,纳入60岁及以上老年人。收集参与者的一般人口学资料和认知以及睡眠状况等相关信息。采用logistic回归和线性回归分析7种睡眠问题与MCI患病率及认知分域的关联,并通过计算各睡眠问题的增量价值评估其对MCI患病的贡献。
结果
2
纳入6 231名老年人。重度入睡困难[比值比
(odds ratio,OR)=1.205,95%置信区间(confidence interval,CI)=1.059~1.371,
P=
0.005],夜间睡眠中断(
OR
=1.185,95%CI=1.044~1.346,
P=
0.009),早醒(
OR=
1.199,95%CI=1.059~1.357,
P=
0.004),睡眠时间不足(
OR=
1.441,95%CI=1.255~1.656,
P<
0.001)和睡眠质量差(
OR
=1.206,95%CI=1.047~1.389,
P=
0.009)与更高的MCI患病率相关。未观察到总体睡眠障碍(
OR
=1.116,95%CI=0.977~1.273,
P=
0.105)和白天嗜睡(
OR=
1.071,95%CI=0.890~1.286,
P=
0.466)与MCI的显著关联。无论是否存在睡眠障碍,大部分重度睡眠问题与较高的MCI患病率相关。睡眠问题与MCI患病率的关联存在城乡差异,农村老年人群体中该关联较城市人群更显著。有重度睡眠问题的参与者表现出更差的语言,执行和注意力功能(
P
<
0.05)。其中睡眠时间不足对MCI患病的增量价值最高[净重分类改善指数(net reclassification improvement,NRI)=0.124,95%CI
=
0.071~0.176,
P<
0.001,综合判别改善指数(integrated discrimination improvement,IDI)=0.005,95%CI=0.003~0.006,
P<
0.001]。
结论
2
睡眠问题,包括睡眠时间不足、睡眠质量差、重度入睡困难、夜间睡眠中断和早醒与更高的MCI患病率相关。优先改善睡眠不足的认知益处可能最大。
Objective
2
To investigate the association of 7 sleep problems with the prevalence rate of mild cognitive impairment(MCI) and cognitive domains.
Methods
2
Based on the cross-sectional data from the Hubei memory and aging cohort study(HMACS),the elderly individuals aged ≥60 years were included in this study. General demographic data were collected,as well as the data on cognition and sleep. The logistic regression analysis and the linear regression analysis were used to investigate the association of 7 sleep problems with the prevalence rate of MCI and cognitive domains,and the incremental predictive value of each sleep problem was calculated to assess its contribution to MCI.
Results
2
A total of 6231 elderly individuals were included. Severe difficulty falling asleep(odds ratio[
OR
]=1.205,95%CI=1.059-1.371,
P
=0.005),nighttime awakenings(
OR
=1.185,95%CI=1.044-1.346,
P
=0.009),early morning awakening(
OR
=1.199,95%CI=1.059-1.357,
P
=0.004),insufficient sleep time(
OR
=1.441,95%CI=1.255-1.656,
P
<
0.001),and poor sleep quality(
OR
=1.206,95%CI=1.047-1.389,
P
=0.009) were associated with a higher prevalence rate of MCI. Overall sleep disorders(
OR
=1.116,95%CI=0.977-1.273,
P
=0.105) and daytime lethargy (
OR
=1.071,95%CI=0.890-1.286,
P
=0.466) were not found to be significantly associated with MCI. Regardless of the presence or absence of sleep disorders,most severe sleep problems were significantly associated with a higher prevalence rate of MCI. There was a difference in the association between sleep problems and the prevalence rate of MCI between rural and urban areas,and such association in the rural elderly population was more significant than that in the urban elderly population. The participants with severe sleep problems showed poorer performance in language,executive,and attention functions(
P
<
0.05). Insufficient sleep time showed the highest incremental value for the prevalence rate of MCI,with a Net Reclassification Improvement index of 0.124(95%CI=0.071-0.176,
P
<
0.001) and an Integrated Discrimination Improvement index of 0.005(95%CI=0.003-0.006,
P
<
0.001).
Conclusion
2
Sleep problems,including insufficient sleep time,poor sleep quality,severe difficulty falling asleep,nighttime awakenings,and early morning awakening,are associated with a higher prevalence rate of MCI. Prioritizing the improvement of insufficient sleep may yield the greatest cognitive benefits.
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