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1.中国人民解放军总医院第三医学中心内分泌科,北京 100089
2.兰州大学第一医院内分泌科,兰州 730000
肖海英,Email:haiying_xiao@126.com,研究方向:糖尿病及并发症、器官移植后代谢性疾病。
徐 春,Email:xuchh2000-1@163.com。
收稿:2025-08-01,
修回:2025-10-04,
录用:2025-10-23,
纸质出版:2026-07-28
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肖海英,冉敏,朱泊羽,等.我国肝移植受者围术期体质量变化特征及影响因素分析[J].重庆医科大学学报,2026,51(7):928-933.
Xiao Haiying,Ran Min,Zhu Boyu,et al.Analysis of perioperative body weight change characteristics and influencing factors in Chinese liver transplant recipients[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,2026,51(7):928-933.
肖海英,冉敏,朱泊羽,等.我国肝移植受者围术期体质量变化特征及影响因素分析[J].重庆医科大学学报,2026,51(7):928-933. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003997.
Xiao Haiying,Ran Min,Zhu Boyu,et al.Analysis of perioperative body weight change characteristics and influencing factors in Chinese liver transplant recipients[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,2026,51(7):928-933. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003997.
目的
2
探讨我国肝移植受者围术期体质量变化的临床特征及其影响因素。
方法
2
收集2010年1月至2019年6月在中国人民解放军总医院第三医学中心接受肝移植手术的894例受者临床资料,包括人口学特征、合并症、术前体质量及术后1个月内体质量数据。根据体质指数(body mass index,BMI)分组:低体质量组(BMI18.5 kg/m²)、正常体质量组(18.5 kg/m²≤BMI24 kg/m²)、超重组(24 kg/m²≤BMI28 kg/m²)和肥胖组(BMI≥28 kg/m²)。采用多元线性回归分析围术期体质量变化的影响因素。
结果
2
894例肝移植受者中,术前正常体质量组占46.8%(418/894),超重/肥胖组占47.0%(420/894)。术后1个月随访显示,82.0%(733/894)受者出现体质量减轻,11.3%(101/894)受者体质量增加,其中,术前超重组及肥胖组术后体质量下降人数占比分别为86.5%和91.6%,均明显高于低体质量组(55.4%),而低体质量组中体质量增加的人数占比最高(32.1%);术后BMI分布发生明显变化,正常体质量组比例升至58.4%(522/894),超重/肥胖组比例降至28.3%(253/894)。单因素分析显示年龄(
P
=0.050)、性别(
P
0.001)、肝移植病因(
P
=0.033)、术前BMI(
P
0.001)及腹水量(
P
0.001)与体质量变化明显相关。多元线性回归分析结果显示:年龄(
β
=0.069,
t
=2.112,
P
0.05)、肝移植病因(
β
=-0.087,
t
=-2.526,
P
0.05)、术前BMI(
β
=-0.223,
t
=-6.723,
P
0.05)、腹水量(
β
=-0.129,
t
=-3.971
,
P
0.05)是影响术后体质量变化的独立预测因素。
结论
2
我国肝移植受者术后早期(1个月内)体质量下降较为常见,尤其对于超重/肥胖、大量腹水(1 000 mL)受者体质量下降明显,术后早期体质量更能客观反映受者实际体质量。
Objective
2
To investigate the clinical characteristics and influencing factors of perioperative body weight changes in Chinese liver transplant recipients.
Methods
2
Clinical data of 894 recipients who underwent liver transplantation at the Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital between January 2010 and June 2019 were collected,including demographic characteristics,comorbidities,preoperative body weight,and body weight within one month postoperatively. The recipients were divided into groups based on body mass index(BMI):underweight group(BMI18.5 kg/m
2
),normal weight group(18.5 kg/m
2
≤BMI24 kg/m
2
),overweight group (24 kg/m
2
≤BMI28 kg/m
2
),and obese group(BMI≥28 kg/m
2
). A multivariable linear regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors of perioperative body weight changes.
Results
2
Among the 894 liver transplant recipients,46.8% (418/894) were in the normal BMI group before surgery,while 47.0%(420/894) were in the overweight/obese group. At the 1-month follow-up,82.0%(733/894) of recipients experienced weight loss,and 11.3%(101/894) had weight gain. Specifically,86.5% and 91.6% of recipients in the preoperative overweight and obese groups,respectively,experienced postoperative weight loss,with proportions significantly higher than that in the underweight group(55.4%). Meanwhile,the underweight group had the highest proportion of weight gain(32.1%). Postoperative BMI distribution changed significantly,with the proportion of the normal weight group increasing to 58.4%(522/894) and the overweight/obese group decreasing to 28.3%(253/894). Univariable analysis revealed that age(
P
=0.050),sex(
P
0.001),etiology of liver transplantation(
P
=0.033),preoperative BMI(
P
0.001),and ascites(
P
0.001) were significantly associated with body weight changes. Multivariable linear regression analysis identified age(
β
=0.069,
t
=2.112,
P
0.05),etiology of liver transplantation(
β
=-0.087,
t
=-2.526,
P
0.05),preoperative BMI(
β
=-0.223,
t
=-6.723,
P
0.05),and ascites(
β
=-0.129,
t
=-3.971,
P
0.05) as independent predictive factors for postoperative body weight changes.
Conclusion
2
Early postoperative(within 1 month) body weight loss is common among liver transplant recipients in China,particularly in those who were overweight/obese and had massive ascites (1 000 mL). Early postoperative body weight may more accurately reflect the recipients’ true body weight status.
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