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苏州大学附属第一医院临床检测中心,苏州 215006
朱音婷,Email:zouzouyu@126.com,研究方向:细菌耐药分子流行病学与耐药机制研究。
朱琼芳,Email:783469320@qq.com。
收稿:2025-01-25,
修回:2025-03-02,
录用:2025-03-10,
纸质出版:2025-12-28
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朱音婷,宋文,任亚璐等.异基因造血干细胞移植后患者血流感染的病原学特征及临床结果[J].重庆医科大学学报,2025,50(12):1751-1756.
Zhu Yinting,Song Wen,Ren Yalu,et al.Etiological characteristics and clinical outcome of patients with bloodstream infections after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,2025,50(12):1751-1756.
朱音婷,宋文,任亚璐等.异基因造血干细胞移植后患者血流感染的病原学特征及临床结果[J].重庆医科大学学报,2025,50(12):1751-1756. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003815.
Zhu Yinting,Song Wen,Ren Yalu,et al.Etiological characteristics and clinical outcome of patients with bloodstream infections after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,2025,50(12):1751-1756. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003815.
目的
2
探讨异基因造血干细胞移植(allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,allo-HSCT)后患者发生血流感染(bloodstream infections,BSIs)的病原学特征及对患者临床结果的影响。
方法
2
对2021年至2023年在苏州大学附属第一医院接受allo-HSCT的患者(年龄>14岁)进行回顾性队列研究,分析其人群特点、BSIs病原菌的分布、对常用抗生素耐药性及患者30 d总体生存情况。
结果
2
1 682例患者在allo-HSCT后,129例(7.67%)患者发生139次BSIs。引起BSIs发作的病原菌为革兰阴性菌(
n
=98,76.0%)、革兰阳性菌(
n
=14,10.9%)、真菌(
n
=7,5.4%)、多微生物(
n
=10,
7.8%)。在革兰阴性菌中,头孢曲松、头孢吡肟和哌拉西林他唑巴坦耐药株分别为86.2%、68.1%和77.9%。环丙沙星耐药株为57.9%,亚胺培南耐药率为39.4%。在肠球菌属中,青霉素耐药率为93.8%。8株热带念珠菌对氟康唑耐药,对两性霉素B和氟胞嘧啶均敏感。不同类别病原菌引起BSIs患者30 d总体生存率明显差异(
P<
0.001),真菌BSIs患者的30 d总体生存率低于革兰阴性菌(
P<
0.001)、革兰阳性菌(
P=
0.004)和多微生物(
P=
0.013)BSIs患者。真菌BSIs和非霍奇金淋巴瘤与患者较低的30 d总体生存率相关。
结论
2
揭示了患者在allo-HSCT后BSIs的病原学特征及30 d总体生存情况,为allo-HSCT后BSIs的抗菌治疗和预防策略提供了有力数据支持。
Objective
2
To investigate the etiological characteristics of bloodstream infections(BSIs) in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT) and their impact on the clinical outcome of patients.
Methods
2
A retrospective cohort study was conducted among the patients,aged >14 years,who underwent allo-HSCT in The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University in 2021-2023,and the patients were analyzed in terms of population characteristics,distribution of pathogenic bacteria for BSIs,resistance to commonly used antibiotics,and 30-day overall survival.
Results
2
Among the 1682 patients,129 (7.67%) experienced BSIs after allo-HSCT,with 139 episodes in total. The pathogenic bacteria causing BSIs were Gram-negative bacteria in 98 patients (76.0%),Gram-positive bacteria in 14 patients(10.9%),fungi in 7 patients(5.4%),and multiple microorganisms in 10 patients (7.8%). Among the Gram-negative bacteria,the isolates resistant to ceftriaxone,cefepime,and piperacillin-tazobactam accounted for 86.2%,68.1%,and 77.9%,respectively. The overall drug resistance rates to ciprofloxacin and imipenem were 57.9% and 39.4%,respectively.
Enterococcus
isolates showed a penicillin resistance rate of 93.8%. Eight isolates of
Candida tropicalis
were resistant to fluconazole and were sensitive to both amphotericin B and flucytosine. There was a significant difference in 30-day
overall survival between the patients with BSIs caused by different types of pathogenic bacteria(
P
<
0.001),and the patients with fungal BSIs had a significantly lower 30-day overall survival rate than those with Gram-negative bacteria(
P
<
0.001),Gram-positive bacteria(
P
=0.004),and polymicrobial BSIs(
P
=0.013). Fungal BSIs and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma were associated with the relatively low 30-day overall survival rate in patients.
Conclusion
2
This study reveals the etiological characteristics and 30-day overall survival of patients with BSIs after allo-HSCT,which provides strong support for empirical antimicrobial therapy and infection prevention strategies for patients with BSIs after allo-HSCT.
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