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1.山东第二医科大学临床医学院,潍坊 261000
2.山东第二医科大学附属医院呼吸与危重症医学科,潍坊 261000
张令轩,Email:zlxtt100@163.com,研究方向:呼吸系统病学。
高福生,Email:gaofs888@163.com。
收稿:2024-05-27,
修回:2024-07-13,
录用:2024-09-02,
纸质出版:2025-12-28
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张令轩,李萌,宋歌等.慢性烟曲霉暴露对支气管哮喘大鼠气道Toll样受体4表达的影响[J].重庆医科大学学报,2025,50(12):1702-1709.
Zhang Lingxuan,Li Meng,Song Ge,et al.Effect of chronic Aspergillus fumigatus exposure on the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 in the airway of rats with bronchial asthma[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,2025,50(12):1702-1709.
张令轩,李萌,宋歌等.慢性烟曲霉暴露对支气管哮喘大鼠气道Toll样受体4表达的影响[J].重庆医科大学学报,2025,50(12):1702-1709. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003766.
Zhang Lingxuan,Li Meng,Song Ge,et al.Effect of chronic Aspergillus fumigatus exposure on the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 in the airway of rats with bronchial asthma[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,2025,50(12):1702-1709. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003766.
目的
2
探讨慢性烟曲霉暴露对支气管哮喘大鼠气道Toll样受体4(Toll-like receptor 4,TLR4)表达的影响。
方法
2
40只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为5组(每组8只)。对照组(A组):给予卵清蛋白(ovalbumin,OVA)致敏和生理盐水激发。支气管哮喘组(B组):使用OVA诱导致敏和激发的方式构建大鼠哮喘模型。支气管哮喘+烟曲霉孢子吸入1周组(C组)、2周组(D组)和3周组(E组):哮喘大鼠每周给予2次通过鼻腔吸入烟曲霉孢子的处理,分别吸入1周、2周和3周。测定血清总IgE水平及肺泡灌洗液(bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,BALF)中炎症细胞总数及分类计数、白细胞介素-5(interleukin-5,IL-5)、白细胞介素-13(interleukin-13,IL-13)、γ-干扰素(interferon-γ,IFN-γ)和转化生长因子β(transforming growth factor-β,TGF-β)水平;肺组织切片行苏木素-伊红(hematoxylin and eosin,HE)、过碘酸雪夫(periodic acid schiff,PAS)和Masson三色染色,并行病理图像形态学测定和分析;免疫组化、逆转录聚合酶链式反应(reverse transcription-PCR,RT-PCR)及蛋白质免疫印迹(Western blot,WB)检测大鼠气道TLR4的表达。
结果
2
支气管哮喘大鼠吸入烟曲霉孢子3周后血清总免疫球蛋白E(immunoglobulin E,IgE)[(109.76±18.11) ng/mL]、BALF中炎症细胞总数[(5.88±1.04)×10
6
]及淋巴细胞[(2.27±0.37)×10
6
]、嗜酸性粒细胞计数[(1.49±0.43)×10
6
]、[IL-5(28.79±6.67) ng/mL]、IL-13[(118.63±20.51) ng/mL]及TGF-β[(105.00±15.73) ng/mL]、气道炎性细胞数(76.11±9.10)、上皮细胞损伤脱落百分比[(18.78±3.11)%]、杯状细胞增生程度[(19.98±2.42)%]及上皮下纤维化程度[(30.44±5.56)%]较吸入前差异有统计学意义(
P
<
0.05)。各组大鼠的TLR4/β-actin值与气道上皮损伤脱落程度呈正相关(
r
=0.960,
P
<
0.001),与气道杯状细胞增生程度呈正相关(
r
=0.944,
P
<
0.001),与气道上皮下纤维化程度呈正相关(
r
=0.856,
P
<
0.001)。
结论
2
慢性烟曲霉暴露可剂量依赖性上调支气管哮喘大鼠气道TLR4表达,进而加剧气道炎症和气道重构。
Objective
2
To investigate the effect of chronic
Aspergillus fumigatus
(AF) exposure on the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the airway of rats with bronchial asthma.
Methods
2
A total of 40 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group (group A),bronchial asthma group(group B),bronchial asthma+1-week AF spore inhalation group(group C),bronchial asthma+2-week AF spore inhalation group(group D),and bronchial asthma+3-week AF spore inhalation group (group E),with 8 rats in each group. The rats in group A were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) and challenged with normal saline,and those in group B were sensitized and challenged with OVA to establish a rat model of asthma; the rats in groups C,D,and E were given nasal inhalation of AF spores twice a week for 1,2,and 3 weeks,respectively. The serum level of total IgE was measured,as well as the total and differential counts of inflammatory cells and the levels of interleukin-5(IL-5),interleukin-13(IL-13),interferon-γ(IFN-γ),and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF); lung tissue sections were used for HE,PAS,and Masson staining,and pathomorphological measurement and analysis were performed; immunohistochemistry,RT-PCR,and Western blot were used to measure the expression of TLR4 in the airway of rats.
Results
2
After the inhalation of AF spores for 3 months in rats with bronchial asthma,there were significant increases in the serum level of total IgE[(109.76±18.11) ng/mL],the total number of inflammatory cells[(5.88±1.04)×10
6
] and the counts of lymphocytes[(2.27±0.37)×10
6
] and eosinophils[(1.49±0.43)×10
6
] in BALF,the levels of IL-5[(28.79±6.67) ng/mL],IL-13[(118.63±20.51) ng/mL],and TGF-β[(105.00±15.73) ng/mL] in BALF,the number of inflammatory cells in the airway (76.11±9.10),the percentage of epithelial cell detachment[(18.78±3.11)%],the degree of goblet cell hyperplasia[(19.98±2.42)%],and the degree of subepithelial fibrosis[(30.44±5.56)%](
P
<
0.05). The TLR4/β-actin value was positively correlated with the degree of epithelial cell detachment(
r
=0.960,
P
<
0.001),goblet cell hyperplasia(
r
=0.944,
P
<
0.001),and subepithelial fibrosis(
r
=0.856,
P
<
0.001) in the airway of rats with asthma.
Conclusion
2
Chronic AF exposure can upregulate the expression of TLR4 in the airway of rats with bronchial asthma in a dose-dependent manner,thereby aggravating airway inflammation and airway remodeling.
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