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1.电子科技大学附属医院·四川省人民医院血液科,成都 610071
2.成都东篱医院血液科,成都 610051
杨 曦,Email:yangxi2017@aliyun.com,研究方向:造血干细胞移植。
黄晓兵,Email:huangxiaobing@med.uestc.edu.cn。
收稿:2024-05-07,
修回:2024-05-27,
录用:2024-06-14,
纸质出版:2024-07-28
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杨曦,李成龙,叶雪梅,等.RAP无激素方案治疗异基因造血干细胞移植后中重度闭塞性细支气管炎综合征的单中心回顾性分析[J].重庆医科大学学报,2024,49(7):807-812.
Yang Xi,Li Chenglong,Ye Xuemei,et al.RAP hormone-free regimen in the treatment of moderate to severe bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation:a single-center retrospective analysis[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,2024,49(7):807-812.
杨曦,李成龙,叶雪梅,等.RAP无激素方案治疗异基因造血干细胞移植后中重度闭塞性细支气管炎综合征的单中心回顾性分析[J].重庆医科大学学报,2024,49(7):807-812. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003541.
Yang Xi,Li Chenglong,Ye Xuemei,et al.RAP hormone-free regimen in the treatment of moderate to severe bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation:a single-center retrospective analysis[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,2024,49(7):807-812. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003541.
目的
2
回顾性分析RAP无激素方案——“芦可替尼、阿奇霉素、吡非尼酮”治疗异基因造血干细胞移植(allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,allo-HSCT)后中重度闭塞性细支气管炎综合征(bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome,BOS)的临床疗效及影响因素。
方法
2
纳入2018年1月1日至2023年12月31日于电子科技大学附属医院·四川省人民医院血液科行allo-HSCT并发生中重度BOS的患者14例,回顾性分析RAP无激素方案——“芦可替尼、阿奇霉素、吡非尼酮”的临床疗效及影响因素。
结果
2
①有效率:3、6和12个月治疗总反应率分别为50.0%、57.1%和50.0%。治疗有效的8例患者在6个月时出现1秒用力呼气量(FEV1)%预测值(
t
=2.187,
P
=0.033)、6 min步行测试(
t
=2.338,
P
=0.023)、ECOG体能状态评分(
t
=2.681,
P
=0.013)和慢性移植物抗宿主病(chronic graft-versus-host disease,cGVHD)严重程度(
Z
=2.155,
P
=0.032)的明显改善。②生存:中位随访13(5,64)个月,5例(35.7%)死亡,死因为重症肺炎并发症。单因素分析提示RAP疗程延长与生存改善趋势相关(
Wald
值=2.892,
P
=0.089)。③激素暴露:14例均有长期糖皮质激素使用史,8例(57.1%)1个月内停用,2例(14.3%)减量50%以上。④安全性良好,主要不良反应为3级以下胃肠道反应及血液学毒性。
结论
2
RAP无激素方案治疗allo-HSCT后中重度BOS显示良好疗效,允许快速停用糖皮质激素,提高患者生活质量和长期生存。但限于小样本量和回顾性设计,有待前瞻性研究进一步验证。
Objective
2
To retrospectively analyze the clinical efficacy of the RAP(Ruxolitinib,Azithromycin,and Pirfenidone) hormone-free regimen in the treatment of moderate to severe BOS and its influencing factors.
Methods
2
This study included 14 patients who developed moderate to severe BOS after undergoing allo-HSCT at our center from January 1,2018 to December 31,2023. These patients were retrospectively analyzed for the clinical efficacy of the RAP hormone-free regimen and its influencing factors.
Results
2
①The overall response rates at 3,6 and 12 months of treatment w
ere 50.0%,57.1%,and 50.0%,respectively. At the six-months post RAP regimen,the FEV1% predicted value(
t
=2.187,
P
=0.033),6 minute walk test(
t
=2.338,
P
=0.023),ECOG physical state score(
t
=2.681,
P
=0.013) and cGVHD severity(
Z
=2.155,
P
=0.032) of 8 patients who responded to the RAP treatment were significantly improved. ②Survival: During a median follow-up of 13 months,5 patients(35.7%) died of severe pneumonia complications. Univariate analysis showed that the extended course of RAP treatment was correlated with a trend of survival improvement(
P
=0.089). ③Glucocorticoid exposure:all 14 cases had a long-term history of glucocorticoid use,8 cases(57.1%) discontinued glucocorticoid use within 1 month,and 2 cases reduced their dose by more than 50%. ④The safety profile was favorable,and the main adverse reactions were gastrointestinal reactions and hematological toxicity.
Conclusion
2
The RAP hormone-free regimen shows a favorable effect in the treatment of moderate to severe BOS. It allows for the rapid withdrawal of glucocorticoids and improves the quality of life and long-term survival of patients. However,it needs to be further verified by prospective studies due to its small sample size and retrospective design.
Williams KM , Chien JW , Gladwin MT , et al . Bronchiolitis obliterans after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation [J ] . JAMA , 2009 , 302 ( 3 ): 306 - 314 .
Palmer J , Williams K , Inamoto Y , et al . Pulmonary symptoms measured by the national institutes of health lung score predict overall survival,nonrelapse mortality,and patient-reported outcomes in chronic graft-versus-host disease [J ] . Biol Blood Marrow Transplant , 2014 , 20 ( 3 ): 337 - 344 .
Dudek AZ , Mahaseth H , DeFor TE , et al . Bronchiolitis obliterans in chronic graft-versus-host disease:analysis of risk factors and treatment outcomes [J ] . Biol Blood Marrow Transplant , 2003 , 9 ( 10 ): 657 - 666 .
Nishio N , Yagasaki H , Takahashi Y , et al . Late-onset non-infectious pulmonary complications following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children [J ] . Bone Marrow Transplant , 2009 , 44 ( 5 ): 303 - 308 .
Williams KM , Cheng GS , Pusic I , et al . Fluticasone,azithromycin,and montelukast treatment forNew-onset bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after hematopoietic cell transplantation [J ] . Biol Blood Marrow Transplant , 2016 , 22 ( 4 ): 710 - 716 .
中华医学会血液学分会造血干细胞应用学组 , 中国抗癌协会血液病转化委员会 . 慢性移植物抗宿主病(cGVHD)诊断与治疗中国专家共识(2021年版) [J ] . 中华血液学杂志 , 2021 , 42 ( 4 ): 265 - 275 .
Hematopoietic stem cell Application Group , Hematology Branch , Chinese Medical Association , Hematological Transformation Committee , Chinese Anti-Cancer Association . Chinese consensus on the diagnosis and management of chronic graft-versus-host disease (2021) [J ] . Chin J Hematol , 2021 , 42 ( 4 ): 265 - 275 .
Khoury HJ , Langston AA , Kota VK , et al . Ruxolitinib:a steroid sparing agent in chronic graft-versus-host disease [J ] . Bone Marrow Transplant , 2018 , 53 ( 7 ): 826 - 831 .
Meng GQ , Wang YN , Wang JS , et al . Ruxolitinib treatment for bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome following hematopoietic stem cell transplant in a patient with primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis [J ] . Chin Med J , 2021 , 134 ( 13 ): 1624 - 1625 .
Zhang XY , Zhao XL , Shen YY , et al . Ruxolitinib as an effective and steroid-sparing first-line treatment in newly diagnosed BOS patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation [J ] . Front Pharmacol , 2022 , 13 : 916472 .
Matthaiou EI , Sharifi H , O’Donnell C , et al . The safety and tolerability of pirfenidone for bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after hematopoietic cell transplant(STOP-BOS) trial [J ] . Bone Marrow Transplant , 2022 , 57 ( 8 ): 1319 - 1326 .
Barker AF , Bergeron A , Rom WN , et al . Obliterative bronchiolitis [J ] . N Engl J Med , 2014 , 370 ( 19 ): 1820 - 1828 .
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