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1.郑州大学第一附属医院呼吸与危重症医学科,郑州 450000
2.郑州大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室,郑州 450000
牛晓亚,Email:niuxy111@163.com,研究方向:呼吸病学和危重症医学。
许爱国,Email:aiguoxu@hotmail.com。
收稿:2023-09-15,
修回:2023-11-18,
录用:2023-11-21,
纸质出版:2023-12-28
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牛晓亚,熊雅俊,蔡梦婷,等.胃食管反流病增加慢性阻塞性肺疾病的患病风险:一项两样本双向孟德尔随机化研究[J].重庆医科大学学报,2023,48(12):1439-1445.
Niu Xiaoya,Xiong Yajun,Cai Mengting,et al.Gastroesophageal reflux disease causes an increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,2023,48(12):1439-1445.
牛晓亚,熊雅俊,蔡梦婷,等.胃食管反流病增加慢性阻塞性肺疾病的患病风险:一项两样本双向孟德尔随机化研究[J].重庆医科大学学报,2023,48(12):1439-1445. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003396.
Niu Xiaoya,Xiong Yajun,Cai Mengting,et al.Gastroesophageal reflux disease causes an increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,2023,48(12):1439-1445. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003396.
目的
2
采用两样本双向孟德尔随机化(Mendelian randomization,MR)方法研究胃食管反流病(gastroesophageal reflux disease,GERD)与慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)的因果关系。
方法
2
基于大规模全基因组关联研究(genome-wide association studies,GWAS)汇总数据,选择相互独立且与胃食管反流病及COPD高度相关的单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)作为工具变量。采用逆方差加权法固定效应模型(inverse variance weighted-fixed effects,IVW-FE)为主要分析方法,简单中位数法、加权中位数法、MR Egger回归法进行结果验证和稳定性检验;采用
F
统计量、Cochran
Q
检验、MR Egger截距测试、孟德尔随机多态性残差和离群值(mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier,MR-PRESSO)检验、“留一法”进行敏感性分析。以比值比(odds ratio,
OR
)及95%置信区间(confidence interval,CI)作为效应指标对胃食管反流病及COPD的双向因果关系进行探讨。
结果
2
IVW-FE分析表明胃食管反流病可增加COPD的患病风险(
OR
=1.757,95%CI=1.425~2.166,
P
=0.000),且在简单中位数法、加权中位数法中被证实。然而MR Egger回归法未显示出二者之间的因果关联。在反向MR分析中,IVW-FE分析显示没有证据表明COPD增加胃食管反流病的发病风险(
OR
=0.999,95%CI=0.962~1.037,
P
=0.962),同样简单中位数法、加权中位数法、MR Egger回归法未发现二者存在因果关联。工具变量的
F
值均大于10,不存在弱工具变量;Cochran
Q
检验、MR Egger截距测试、MR-PRESSO检验表明工具变量间不存在异质性或水平多效性;“留一法”分析显示没有单个SNP对整体结果有较大影响。
结论
2
胃食管反流病与COPD的风险增加有显著的因果关系,但是没有发现COPD导致胃食管反流病风险增加的证据。
Objective
2
To investigate the causal relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) using two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization(MR).
Methods
2
Based on the pooled data from large-scale genome-wide association studies(GWAS),single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) which were independent of each other and highly correlated with GERD and COPD were selected as instrumental variables. The inverse-variance weighted fixed-effects(IVW-FE) model was used as the main analysis method,while simple median,weighted median,and MR-Egger regression methods were used to validate the results and test the stability. The
F
-statistic,Cochran’
s Q test,MR-Egger intercept test,Mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier(MR-PRESSO) test,and leave-one-out method were used for sensitivity analysis. The odds ratio(
OR
) and 95% confidence interval(CI) were used as effect sizes for the bidirectional causal relationship between GERD and COPD.
Results
2
The IVW-FE analysis showed that GERD increased the risk of COPD(
OR
=1.757,95%CI=1.425-2.166,
P
=0.000),which was confirmed by the simple median and weighted median methods. However,no causal relationship between the two factors was shown by the MR-Egger method. In the inverse MR analysis,there was no evidence of increased risk of GERD caused by COPD using IVW-FE(
OR
=0.999,95%CI=0.962-1.037,
P
=0.962). Similarly,no association between the two factors was found using the simple median,weighted median,and MR-Egger regression methods. The
F-
statistic of the instrumental variable was greater than 10,which showed that there was no weak instrumental variable. The Cochran’s Q test,MR-Egger intercept test,and MR-PRESSO test did not show heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy between instrumental variables. The leave-one-out analyses indicated that no single SNP had a significant effect on the overall outcome.
Conclusion
2
GERD is significantly and causally associated with an increased risk of COPD. However,there is no evidence suggesting that COPD causes an increased risk of GERD.
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