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1.南京医科大学连云港临床医学院神经外科,江苏 连云港 222000
2.徐州医科大学附属连云港医院神经外科,江苏 连云港 222000
3.徐州医科大学附属连云港医院血透室,江苏 连云港 222000
刘希光,E-mail:lyglxg@sina.com
收稿日期:2024-04-15,
纸质出版日期:2025-07-25
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罗煜宸,刘希光,张洪伟等.眶外侧锁孔入路下颈内动脉分叉部的显微解剖研究[J].局解手术学杂志,2025,34(07):579-583.
LUO Yu-chen,LIU Xi-guang,ZHANG Hong-wei,et al.Microanatomical study of the internal carotid artery bifurcation through the lateral orbital keyhole approach[J].JOURNAL OF REGIONAL ANATOMY AND OPERATIVE SURGERY,2025,34(07):579-583.
罗煜宸,刘希光,张洪伟等.眶外侧锁孔入路下颈内动脉分叉部的显微解剖研究[J].局解手术学杂志,2025,34(07):579-583. DOI: 10.11659/jjssx.04E024072.
LUO Yu-chen,LIU Xi-guang,ZHANG Hong-wei,et al.Microanatomical study of the internal carotid artery bifurcation through the lateral orbital keyhole approach[J].JOURNAL OF REGIONAL ANATOMY AND OPERATIVE SURGERY,2025,34(07):579-583. DOI: 10.11659/jjssx.04E024072.
目的
2
分析眶外侧锁孔(LOK)入路下颈内动脉(ICA)分叉部的显微解剖特点,为该入路下夹闭ICA分叉部动脉瘤提供解剖学支持。
方法
2
选取15例(30侧)10%甲醛固定、红蓝乳胶灌注的冷冻尸头标本,模拟LOK入路开颅,显微镜下观察ICA分叉部的结构、周围主要穿支血管的走行及数量,并记录相关数据。
结果
2
ICA末端直径为(5.40±0.65)mm,ICA在视神经平面以上的长度为(11.99±1.86)mm。A1近端直径为(1.85±0.26)mm,长度为(12.90±3.13)mm;M1近端直径为(3.64±0.64)mm,长度为(15.54±2.10)mm;A1与M1的近端直径、长度比较,差异均具有统计学意义(
P<
0.05)。A1与ICA的夹角为(77.61±19.43)°,而M1与ICA的夹角为(137.93±10.31)°,二者比较差异有显著统计学意义(
P<
0.001)。A1与ICA的管径比和A1与ICA的夹角无明显线性关系,M1与ICA的管径比和M1与ICA的夹角无明显线性关系。周围穿支主要为A1近端8.50(5.00,12.00)支、M1近端0.50(0,3.25)支、ICA末端0(0,0.25)支、后交通动脉(8.80±2.40)支、脉络膜前动脉(9.60±3.80)支。共发现Heubner回返动脉主体28侧,其可为单干(30.0
0%)、双干(43.00%)、三干(20.00%)。
结论
2
LOK入路可以清楚地暴露ICA分叉部的主体结构及穿支,应用LOK入路时需结合分叉角度、穿支分布及血管变异特点,优化动脉瘤夹闭方案,在彻底处理病变的同时最大程度降低穿支损伤风险。
Objective
2
To analyze the microanatomical characteristics of the internal carotid artery(ICA) bifurcation through the lateral orbital keyhole (LOK) approach,thereby providing anatomical support for clipping the ICA bifurcation aneurysm.
Methods
2
A total of 15 cases (30 sides) of frozen cadaveric head specimens fixed with 10% formaldehyde and infused with red and blue latexes were selected.Craniotomy was performed by simulated LOK approach.The structure,and the course and quantity of the surrounding major perforator vessels of the ICA bifurcation were observed under the microscope,and the relevant data were recorded.
Results
2
The terminal diameter of ICA was (5.40±0.65)mm,and the length of ICA above the optic nerve plane was (11.99±1.86)mm.The proximal diameter of A1 was (1.85±0.26) mm,and the length of A1 was (12.90±3.13)mm;meanwhile,the proximal diameter of M1 was (3.64±0.64)mm,and the length of M1 was(15.54±2.10)mm.There were significant differences in the proximal diameter and length between A1 and M1 (
P
<
0.05).The angle between A1 and ICA was (77.61±19.43)°,while the angle between M1 and ICA was (137.93±10.31)°,and the difference between the two was statistically significant (
P
<
0.001).There was no obvious linear relationship between the diameter ratio of A1 and ICA and the angle between A1 and ICA,and there was no obvious linear relationship between the diameter ratio of M1 and ICA and the angle between M1 and ICA.The peripheral perforator branches mainly consisted of 8.50(5.00,12.00) branches deriving from the proximal end of A1,0.50(0,3.25) branch deriving from the proximal end of M1,0(0,0.25) branch deriving from the distal end of ICA,(8.80±2.40) branches deriving f
rom the posterior communicating artery,and (9.60±3.80) branches deriving from the anterior choroidal artery. The recurrent artery of Heubner was found in 28 sides, its main body could be the single trunk (30.00%),double trunk (43.00%),and triple trunk (20.00%).
Conclusion
2
The main structure and perforator branches of the ICA bifurcation can be clearly exposed through the LOK approach. When applying the LOK approach,it should be combined with the bifurcation angle,perforator branches distribution,and vascular variation characteristics of ICA bifurcation to optimize the aneurysm clipping plan,thereby thoroughly treating the lesion and minimizing the injury risk of perforator branches.
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