Objective      To explore the diversities of the vaginal microbiota in high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV )-positive (HPV

+

) and HR-HPV-negative (HPV

-

) women from the point of view of bacterial community structure.       Methods      A total of 131 vaginal swabs were collected from 33 HPV

-

women and 98 HPV

+

patients who visited in our hospital between September 2014 and September 2015. The total DNA of microbes from

the samples were isolated for amplifying the 16S rRNA V4 hypervariable region by PCR and pyrosequencing by Illumina. BIPES

TSC and GAST were used to analyze the information of the vaginal microbiota from the samples.       Results      Lactobacillus was the predominant genus in HPV

－

women (81.54%)

with a small quantity of Gardnerella

Streptococcus

Prevotella and other genus. The amount of Lactobacillus was decreased (40.48%) and that of Gardnerella increased (32.35%) significantly in the HPV

+

women. Moreover

the relative abundances of Prevotella

Atopobium

and Anaerococcus were increased in different degrees. Brucella was the taxon only found in HPV

+

women but not in HPV

－

women.       Conclusion      Vaginal dysbacteriosis is associated with HR-HPV infection. The HR-HPV infected patients have Lactobacillus decreased significantly

Gardnerella and a variety of anaerobic bacteria proliferated excessively

and Brucella existence.