Melioidosis is a tropical disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei

and is known as “like a hundred of different diseases” because of its variety of clinical manifestations. It is widely distributed in China

including Hainan

Guangxi and Fujian provinces

with high infectivity

high mortality and high relapse. So far

there is no standard therapeutics for melioidosis in China

and standard drug resistance test has not been established yet. Therefore

we summarize the melioidosis cases and related drug resistance data published in Chinese literatures from 2006 to 2014 and related cases that we collected. The drug resistance spectrum of Burkholderia pseudomallei and possible drug resistance mechanisms are further analyzed

which can provide theoretical direction and clinical reference for therapy and medication guide of melioidosis.