Objective      To determine the expression of S100A4 and SEPT7 in the glioma tissues of children

and to investigate the relationship of their expression with pathological grades and clinical significance.       Methods      Immunohistochemical staining (S-P) assay was employed to simultaneously detect the expression of S100A4 and SEPT7 in 10 tissue samples of normal children brain (autopsy from children died of accidence) and 37 glioma tissues from childhood gliomas (37 children underwent surgical treatment in our department during May 2008 to December 2012). The labeling index of positive cells and the rate of positive cells were calculated according to the expression of optical density. The correlation of their expression with the pathological grades of childhood glioma was analyzed by SPSS17.0 statistical software.       Results      S100A4 was expressed as brown granules scattering in the cytoplasm and  intercellular substance of childhood gliomas. Its positive expression rate was 72.97% in children gliomas

but no expression was seen in normal brain tissue. There was a positive correlation of the pathological grade with its expression. The expression of SEPT7 was mainly localized in the cytoplasm of glioma cells

with a rate of 54.05%. The expression rate was 100.00% in normal brain tissue. Its expression rate was negatively correlated with the pathological grade. The expression of S100A4 was negatively correlated with that of SEPT7 at the same pathological grade of childhood gliomas (r=-0.617

P0.01).       Conclusion      Combined detection of the expression levels of protein S100A4 and SEPT7 is of important significance to evaluate the malignancy of childhood glioma.