Objective       To analyze the occurence of nosocomial infection in pneumoconiosis patients and the risk factors.        Methods       Retrospective analysis of pneumoconiosis patients from January 2006 to December 2013 in our hospital was performed.        Results       In 138 cases of pneumoconiosis patients

39 suffered from nosocomial infection

with the infection rate of 28.26%. Sixteen strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected (37.21%). Single factor analysis showed that pneumoconiosis staging

hospital stay

unreasonable use of broad-spectrum antibiotics

hypoproteinemia and smoking were the risk factors of nosocomial infection of the pneumoconiosis patients. Multiple factors analysis showed that pneumoconiosis staging (OR=0.019

P=0.004

95% CI:0.001 to 0.278)

hospital stay (OR=1.085

P=0.001

95% CI: 1.035 to 1.137)

and unreasonable use of broad-spectrum antibiotics (OR=1.112

P=0.024

95% CI: 1.014 to 1.22) were the main independent risk factors

but serum albumin was a protective factor (OR=0.841

P=0.012

95% CI: 0.734 to 0.963).        Conclusion       The incidence of nosocomial infection in pneumoconiosis patients is relatively high. Pneumoconiosis staging

hospital stay and unreasonable use of broad-spectrum antibiotics are the main independent risk factors

but serum albumin is a protective factor.