Objective        To evaluate the clinical efficacy and bio-safety of individualized tissue engineered bone in repairing bone defect of fibrous dysplasia compared with allo-grafting.       Methods        A retrospective analysis was performed in 20 patients with bone defects cause by fibrous dysplasia who underwent bone reconstruction in our department from September 2004 to September 2009. Ten of them receive the bone reconstruction with tissue engineered bone

and the other 10 patients used the allograft. The hea

ling time

bone healing score (according to Jorgenson standard)

and incidence of complications were compared in 2 groups to analyze the clinical efficacy and long-term bio-safety.       Results        In bone tissue engineered bone group

the average duration of follow-up was 63.6±19.6 months. Only 1 patient suffered from pathologic fracture in 2 years after surgery and was re-operated

while the other 9 patients achieved satisfactory effects with an average healing time of 3.3±1.6 months

and score of bone healing of 2.6±0.5. In allo-graft group

the average duration of follow-up was 55.1±15.4 months. Receiver site complications such as pain

local swelling and others were observed in 3 cases

recurrence was seen in 1 patient in 2 years after surgery

and 9 patients of reconstruction of the bone defects cause by fibrous dysplasia achieved satisfactory effect. The average healing time was 6.0±2.4 months

and the bone healing score was 2.4±0.8. There was no significant difference between the groups in bone healing score and incidence of complications (

P

0.05)

while significant difference was seen in the healing time (

P

0.05).       Conclusion        Individualized tissue engineered bone is superior to allograft in clinical curative effect in repairing bone defect of fibrous dysplasia

and has high biological safety. It is an alternative choice for fibrous dysplasia treatment.