Objective      To summarize the effect of the intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) in the treatment of low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) in the patients with severe valvular heart disease after heart surgery.       Methods        From January 2009 to January 2014

more than 7 000 patients underwent valve replacement in our department. Among them

19 patients were performed IABP support because of LCOS after operation. Their preoperative echocardiography showed combined valvular lesions

with at least 1 valve of severe malformation. These 19 cardiac operations were performed under the hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass and cardiac arrest.       Results        The IABP support time was ranged from 9 to 126 h in these 19 cases. Three patients died (15.8%)

and 2 cases died of multiple organ failure and the left 1 of severe pneumonia. There was no IABP associated complication in the cohort.       Conclusion      IABP is a safe and effective mechanical assist device during cardiac operative procedures. If the patients with severe valvular heart disease encounter with LCOS after cardiac valve replacements

IABP should be exactly and actively applied

which may improve the index of haemodynamics and reduce the mortality．