Objective       To investigate the clinical efficiency of single stage autologous cancellous bone grafting in treatment of tibial post-traumatic osteomyelitis.       Methods       Clinical data of 18 patients with tibial post-traumatic osteomyelitis

including 11 infected nonunion patients

in our center from January 2010 to September 2012 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Autologous granulated cancellous bone was grafted after radical debridement

and a locking compression plate was employed as an external fixator to stabilize the bone.       Results       All 18 patients were follow up for a mean period of 21 months (ranging from 12 to 34 months). Among them

15 patients acquired bone union. Bone absorption and infection recurrence was observed in 2 patients. One patient with bone union needed another debridement to attain bone union. Pin track infection occurred in 2 patients and one of them needed another debridement and bone grafting.       Conclusion      In conjunction with thoroughly debridement and external fixator

single stage bone grafting can be used selectively to treat those patients with smaller segmental tibial post-traumatic osteomyelitis defects

and sound clinical outcome will attained.