Objective       To determine the effect of the proton pump inhibitors (PPI) on the development and prognosis of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) patients in intensive care unit (ICU).       Methods       A retrospective study was carried out on HAP patients with risk factors of aspiration from ICU of our hospital in the year of 2011. After their clinical data were collected

they were divided into 2 groups according to using PPI or not. The process and prognosis were compared

between the 2 groups. And the effect of different doses of PPI was investigated.       Results       A total of 65 cases of HAP were recruited in this study. There were 45 cases receiving PPI treatment and  the rest of 20 cases without during the disease course. No statistically difference was found in basic diseases and indicators of various infections between 2 groups. After 1 week’s treatment

there were more patients from PPI group having fever (40%)

increased white blood cell count (62.2%)

lower oxygenation index (75.6%)

lower arterial blood gas pH value (51.1%) and abnormal A-aDO

2

  (77.8%) than those from control group. In addition

CT scanning showed there were more patients having increased infectious foci (51.1%) and prone to bloodstream infection (40.0%). The anti-infective effect of PPI was poor

and the mortality reached the highest on the day 28 (37.8%)

with statistically difference between the 2 groups (

P

0.05). However

there was no difference (

P

0.05) between the cases in which different defined daily doses (DDD) were applied.       Conclusion       PPI is beneficial to HAP patients in ICU

and even causes poor prognosis. In the treatment of HAP

PPI should be used with caution. Different doses of PPI have no effect on the progress of the disease.