Objective      To observe the efficiency of combination of bortezomib plus dexamethasone and thalidomide (VTD) in treatment of multiple myeloma (MM).       Methods      From April 2008 and February 2012

fifty-eight MM patients underwent VTD treatment in Xinqiao Hospital. A contemporary cohort of 30 MM patients receiving VADT（vincristine+anthracycline+dexamethasone+thalidomide） chemotherapy was set as the control group. The prognosis of disease and adverse effects were analyzed. All subjects were taken chemotherapy in two or more cycles of treatment. All patients were followed up for 6 months to 2 years.       Results      The total effective rate of the VTD group was 63.8%

significantly higher than of the VADT group (40.0%

P0.05). In VTD treatment

response was 77.8% in newly diagnosed group and 40.9% in relapsed/refractory group (P0.01). The rate of response did not differ between VTD and VADT treatments among relapsed/refractory MM patients (P0.05)

but was higher with VTD treatment than with VADT treatment for newly diagnosed MM patients (77.8% vs 36.0%

P0.05). There was no statistical significance between light chain patients and non-light chain patients in VTD group（P0.05). The adverse effects of VTD were mainly gastrointestinal symptoms infection

peripheral neuropathy and thrombocytopenia.       Conclusion      VTD treatment is associated with higher rate of remission in treatment of MM

and therefore can be used as a first-line option for newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory patients.