Objective      To study the curative effect of damage control surgery (DCS）on multiple injury mainly manifested as severe craniocerebral injury.       Methods      One hundred and seventy-eight patients with multiple injury accompanying severe craniocerebral injury underwent DCS in our hospital from 2010 to 2011. Their mortality and prognosis were compared with those of 156 patients with multiple injury accompanying severe craniocerebral injury who underwent conventional treatment (non-DCS treatment) in our hospital from 2009 to 2010.       Results      Of the 178  patients with multiple injury accompanying severe craniocerebral injury

136 (76.4％) underwent hematoma-removal craniotomy and bone flap-removal decompression．Injuries at other sites were treated in other departments. Of these 136 patients after treatment

109 (61.2％) survived and 69 (38.8％) died (35 died of severe craniocerebral injury

21 died of severe thoraco-abdominal injury

and 13 died of severe MODS complications)．The perioperative morality was 38.8% (69/178) and 44.9% (70/156) in DCS treatment group and non-DCS treatment group

respectively (P=0.988)．The 109 patients in DCS treatment group were followed up for 6 months and scored for GOS. The good recovery

moderate disability and severe disability were found in 22 (20.2%)

47 (43.1％) and 40 (36.7％) patients

respectively. The good recovery rate was significantly higher in DCS treatment group than in non-DCS treatment group (20.2% vs 9.3%

P=0.037).       Conclusion      DCS can increase the successful treatment rate for multiple injury accompanying severe craniocerebral injury when the measures are appropriately selected and applied in treatment of fatal cerebral injury

and is thus worth of spreading in clinical practice.