Objective        To analyze and summarize the features and risk factors associated with pediatric leukemia in Chongqing and provide the basis for the prevention and control of the disease.       Methods        A questionnaire was designed based on the associated risk factors reported in domestic and international relative literatures

and geographic and humanistic characteristics of Chongqing. A total of 125 Chongqing native cases of leukemia children (1 year and 3 months old to 18 years old) and 139 matched normal controls were collected from Xinqiao Hospital

Children’s Hospital

First and Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University who were admitted from October 2010 to September 2011. Information was obtained by our designed questionnaire. General social demographic features

infection and feeding histories

house fitting and decoration

surrounding electromagnetic radiation

parental childbearing age

gestational infection

and family histories of cancers. Single factor analysis and multi-factors non-conditional logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data.       Results        Among the 36 obtained indexes

11 were of statistical significance in the single factor analysis (P0.05). While in the multi-factors non-conditional logistic regression analysis

there were 6 of these 11 indexes with significance (P0.05)

which were house fitting and decoration 1 year before onset (OR=3.069)

exposure to pesticide before onset (OR=3.522)

gestational exposure to pesticide (OR=3.101)

gestational house fitting and decoration (OR=4.868)

gestational exposure to electromagnetic radiation (OR=1.786) and iron supplements during pregnancy(OR=5.834).       Conclusion        The etiology of leukemia is complex. House fitting and decoration 1 year before onset and exposure to pesticide before onset and other 4 indexes as listed above are key risk factors of childhood leukemia in Chongqing.