Objective      To evaluate the association between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in P53-binding site of Bax and the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in southwest Chinese Han population.       Methods      The SNaPshot technique was applied to detect genotype of rs1009316  in 201 cases of ESCC (ESCC group) and 183 cases of healthy controls (control group)

and the association between different genotypes of rs1009316 and the risk of ESCC was analyzed.       Results      The frequencies of the rs1009316 variants CC and CT/TT were 59.2% and 40.8% in the ESCC group and 73.2% and 26.8% in the control group

respectively. Compared with CC genotype

CT/TT genotype increased the risk of ESCC (OR 1.884

95% CI 1.224 to 2.901). T allele frequency was 20% in the ESCC group and 14% in the control group

and T allele was positively correlated with the risk of ESCC (OR 1.620

95% CI 1.103 to 2.379). In stratification analysis

CT/TT genotype and T allele increased the risk of ESCC in the subjects without smoking history.       Conclusion      rs1009316 a SNP lying in the p53-binding site of Bax

is a risk factor of ECSS in southwest Chinese Han population.