Objective      To provide the seed cells for the repair of nervous system after cell transplantation by studying how to induce the differentiation of adipose-derived neural stem cells (NSCs) into GABAergic neurons in vitro.       Methods      ADSCs

isolated from the epididymal fat pads in C57BL/6 mouse

were adherently cultured. After cell surface antigens (CD45

CD90 and CD105) and ADSCs marker (fibronectin) were identified by flow cytometry

NSCs were induced from neurobasal medium containing basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)

epidermal growth factor (EGF) and 2% B27. Nestin

a specific marker of NSC

and its self-proliferation ability (BrdU）were detected with immunofluorescence staining. Differentiation of ADNSC into GABAergic neurons was induced with retinoic acid (RA) by adding neurotrophic factor and bone-formation protein 2. Marker of GABAergic neurons was then detected.       Results      The CD90

CD105 and fibronectin were positively expressed while the CD45 was negatively expressed in isolated and purified ADSCs. The stem cells

identified as NSCs with nestin and BrdU

showed a potential of self-proliferation ability. The antibody to GABAergic neurons was positively stained.       Conclusion      ADSCs-derived NSCs in vitro can differentiate into GABAergic neurons under the action of specific nerve growth factors.