Objective        To explore the method and efficacy of chest wall reconstruction by using porcine-derived artificial bone.       Methods        Through a right extrapleural thoracotomy

a chest-wall defect of 9 cm×8 cm was created by the resection of 5 to 7 ribs and intercostal muscles in 6 Chinese mongrel dogs. Subsequently

neoplasty of chest wall was proceeded using biomaterial. The displaced

curvature

breakage and thickening of the artificial bone was evaluated by X-ray sonography at 5 postoperative time points (1 week

1

3 and 6 months

and 1 year after operation). Gross examination was performed at 6 months and 1 year after operation to observe the callus formation

ossification

osteolysis

moulding of rib cage and surface shaping of the skeleton of thorax to evaluate the biological property of implanted biomaterials. Histological examination was also performed at the same time to observe the construction of the junction and the surrounding tissue of the artificial bone and integrity of the skeleton of thorax. The last 2 animals were used to anticipate the ability of long lasting implanted ribs and the relationship between artificial ribs and post-treatment outcomes.       Results        All animals in our study survived through all the experiment and it had satisfactory efficacy. No displacement

curvature

breakage and thickening of the artificial bone was found by X-ray during the follow-up period. Gross observation showed osteotylus had come into been between the rib conjunctions and materials

and the remoulding of skeleton of thorax was also observed. Through histological observation

cartilaginous tissue and ossification at the rib junction was observed. In ossification process

osteoblasts

osteoclasts and periosteum were observed

fibrous connective tissue was observed around the artificial rib

and no inflammation cell infiltration was detcected.       Conclusion        Biomaterial is a satisfactory prothesis in application of chest reconstruction. It can be used for its good plasticity

and then turn to autologous tissue.