Objective    To retrospectively investigate the quality of life (QOL) of renal transplantation recipients and its related influence factors.     Methods    QOL of 93 renal transplantation recipients who received operation from 1998 to 2008 was respectively investigated with SF-36

ESRD-SCL

HAD and self-made general information scales.  Another 68 patients with chronic renal dysfuction who had recieved hemodialysis for (19.86±13.57) months served as control.    Results    The QOL of renal transplantation recipients was much better than that of hemodialysis patients (P0.01). Males

members with a higher income or a higher education level

and those who returned to work had a better QOL. Various symptoms occurred in patients after renal transplantation (13.37±7.41). The number of symptoms in patients was closely related with their QOL (P0.05). The anxiety and depression levels were lower in renal transplantation recipients than in hemodialysis patients (P0.01). Multi-factor regression analysis demonstrated that symptom was the most efficient factor that influenced the physical health and mental health of QOL (standard partial regression coefficient 0.477 and 0.649 respectively). Anxiety and depression were the most important factors on mental health of QOL (standard partial regression coefficient 0.281).     Conclusion    The QOL of renal transplantation recipients is better than that of hemodialysis patients. However

it can be influenced by many factors

which should there be investigated with standard scales and closely concerned. Symptoms

anxiety and depression are the most important factors influencing the QOL of renal transplantation recipients.