Objective    To observe the effects of adenovirus-mediated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Ad-BDNF) on differentiation of endogenetic nerve stem cells (NSCs) after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).      Methods    A rat ICH model was established by right intrastriatal administration of autologous whole blood. One hundred and twenty-six rats were divided into normal saline (NS) group

adenovirus interference group (Ad group) and Ad-BDNF interference group

42 rats in each group. NS

Ad and Ad-BDNF were injected into the perihematomal area of rats

respectively. Expression of GAP-43 and differentiation of NSCs were observed with single immunofluorescence labeling method and double immunofluorescence labeling method

respectively in 4 weeks after establishment of ICH model.     Results    The score of NSC function was higher in Ad-BDNF interference group than in NS and Ad interference groups in 7

14

21 and 28 d after establishment of ICH model (P0.01) with no significant difference between NS and Ad interference group(P0.05). The expression level of GAP-43 was significantly higher in the perihematomal area of rats in 3 d after establishment of ICH model

reached its peak in 7 d after establishment of ICH model

and then gradually decreased

but no significant difference was found between NS and Ad interference groups (P0.05). The expression level of GAP-43 was significantly higher in Ad-BDNF interference group than in NS group and Ad interference group in 3

7

14

21 and 28 d after establishment of ICH model (P0.05)

but no significant difference was observed between NS and Ad interference groups (P0.05). The differentiation  rates of endogenetic NSCs [BrdU/NeuN=(39.69±17.45)% and BrdU/GFAP=(63.53±21.68)%] were significantly higher in Ad-BDNF interference group than in NS and Ad interference groups in 28 d after establishment of ICH model (P0.05).     Conclusion    Ad-BDNF can increase the differentiation of endogenetic NSC and improve the recovery of nerve function after ICH.