Objective   To explore the expression of lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) in a rat model after balloon arterial injury and investigate the effect of cilostazol on the mRNA and protein expressions of LOX-1.    Methods   Twenty-four male SPF SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=8 for each group)

sham operation group， balloon arterial injury group and cilostazol treatment group.For the rats from balloon arterial injury group and cilostazol treatment group

the left common carotid artery were injuried by a balloon catheter. The expression of LOX-1 mRNA and protein in neointimal hyperplasia after balloon arterial injury were examined by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry respectively. The contents of MDA in blood serum was examined by TBA.    Results   LOX-1 mRNA and protein were expressed in the neointimal hyperplasia after balloon arterial injury but not in the sham-operation group. The expression level of LOX-1 was significantly lower in the cilostazol treatment group than that in the model group (P0.05). The content of MDA in the blood was also significantly lower in the cilostazol treatment group than in model group (P0.05).    Conclusion   LOX-1 is highly expressed in neointimal hyperplasia after balloon arterial injury and cilostazol significantly inhibits the neointimal hyperplasia by suppressing the expression level of LOX-1 and the contents of MDA in blood serum.