Objective    To investigate the vessel imaging features of the patients with hemoptysis by 64-slice CT angiography (CTA) and its clinical value.     Methods    Forty-one patients with repeated or massive hemoptysis underwent enhanced 64-slice CT scan

including thirteen cases of primary lung cancer

twenty-one cases of bronchiectasis or chronic inflammation

two cases of primary lung cancer with bronchiectasis

two cases of vascular malformation and three cases of pulmonary sequestration. Their image data were processed at the workstation and the three-dimensional images of the vessels associated with hemoptysis were reconstructed using the reconstructional techniques

like multi-planar reformat (MPR)

maximum intensity projection (MIP)

and volume rendering (VR).     Results    Abnormal bronchial arteries were found in 36 patients with lung cancer

bronchiectasis or chronic inflammation. In addition

one or more non-bronchial systemic arteries supplying the lesions were found in some patients. Totally 117 arteries supplied the lesions

including 84 (71.8%) bronchial arteries (ten were anomalous bronchial arteries) and 33 (28.2%) non-bronchial systemic arteries. The origin and number of the non-bronchial systemic arteries supplying the lesions had a close correlation with lesion site

lesion extent

and pleural thickening and adhesion. In the cases of vascular malformation or congenital diseases

one case of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula displayed the tumor-like dilatation of the vascular sac cavity connected with the feeding artery and draining vein

one case of bronchial arterial malformation showed anastomosis with several aneurysms and three cases of pulmonary sequestration showed the anomalous systemic arteries supplying the abnormal portion of the lung.     Conclusion    64-slice CTA not only can supply detailed data of the feeding vessels to the lesions in origin and number

but also can display these vessels clearly.