Objective    To explore the features of cerebral schistosomiasis (CS) on MRI.     Methods    The MRI findings in 38 cases of CS confirmed clinically or pathologically were analyzed retrospectively.     Results    The main MRI manifestations of CS were as follows: ① CS located in cerebral hemisphere (n=26) and cerebellum (n=7)

involving cerebrum and cerebellum simultaneously (n=3) as well as cerebrum and meninges (n=2); In addition

CS located in cortex or/and subcortex (n=34). ②  Mutiple lesions were found in 36 cases

which were shown as multiple small nodules (n=5) and mixed nodules (n=27). The lesions showed a tendency of developing in a limited region of brain (n=32) and displayed confluence (n=28). ③ The lesions in 36 cases were notable and homogeneous enhancement

accompanied with meninges enhancement (n=16) and blood vessel enhancement in adjacent sulci (n=6). ④ Moderate or severe perilesional edema was observed (n=31).     Conclusion    MRI findings of cerebral schistosomiasis have specific features. Combined with clinical data and laboratory examinations

cerebral schistosomiasis can be accurately diagnosed by MRI.