Objective To develop a mouse model of premature ovarian failure (POF) by chemical treatment or radiotreatment.  Methods Eighty Kunming mice were divided into four groups

including chemical treatment group that were administered Cyclophosphamide and Busulfan

radiotreatment group receiving

60

Co γ ray irradiation

control group and castrated group. To evaluate the animal model

vaginal smears were collected daily for estrous cycle determination

and serum hormone levels and histological changes in ovaries were examined.  Results Estrous cycles became irregular after chemical treatment or radiotreatment (P0.01). The serum estrogen levels of chemical treatment group and radiotreatment group were markedly lower than those of control group (

P0.01)

but close to those of castrated group (P0.05). Compared to control group

ovaries from chemical treatment and radiotreatment groups showed ovarian atrophy and interstitial fibrosis. The number of growing follicles and nonatretic primordial follicles was notably reduced (P0.01) in an increasingly descending way

but showed no significant difference between chemical treatment group and radiotreatment group.  Conclusion The mouse model of POF is successfully established by applying experimental irradiation of

60

Co γ ray or injection of Cyclophosphamide and Busulfan.