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1.河南中医药大学第一附属医院儿科医院肾病紫癜二病区,郑州 450000
2.重庆医科大学附属儿童医院肾脏科,重庆 400016
郭笑笑,Email:healer1220@126.com,研究方向:中医药防治儿童肾病与风湿免疫性疾病研究。
宋纯东,Email:scd670918@126.com。
收稿:2025-08-05,
修回:2025-10-21,
录用:2025-11-25,
网络出版:2025-12-22,
移动端阅览
郭笑笑,宋纯东,张寒晗,等.雷公藤多苷通过XBP1-Hrd1-Nrf2通路对糖尿病肾病大鼠的保护机制[J].重庆医科大学学报,
Guo Xiaoxiao,Song Chundong,Zhang Hanhan,et al.The protective mechanism of Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside on rats with diabetic kidney disease via the X-box binding protein 1/hydroxymethylglutaryl-goA reductase degradation protein 1/nuclear transcription factor E2-related factor 2 signaling pathway[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,
郭笑笑,宋纯东,张寒晗,等.雷公藤多苷通过XBP1-Hrd1-Nrf2通路对糖尿病肾病大鼠的保护机制[J].重庆医科大学学报, DOI:10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb..
Guo Xiaoxiao,Song Chundong,Zhang Hanhan,et al.The protective mechanism of Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside on rats with diabetic kidney disease via the X-box binding protein 1/hydroxymethylglutaryl-goA reductase degradation protein 1/nuclear transcription factor E2-related factor 2 signaling pathway[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University, DOI:10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb..
目的
2
探讨雷公藤多苷片(multi-glycosides of Tripterygium wilfordii,GTW)对糖尿病肾病(diabetic kidney disease,DKD)大鼠X盒结合蛋白1(X-box binding protein 1,XBP1)-羟甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶降解蛋白1(hydroxymethylglutaryl-goA reductase degradation protein 1,Hrd1)-核转录因子 E2相关因子2(nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2,Nrf2)信号通路的影响。
方法
2
34只SPF级雄性SD大鼠适应性喂养1周后,随机将其分为空白组(
n
=6)与造模组(
n
=28),空白组给予普通饲料喂养,模型组采用高脂高糖饲料喂养并联合单次腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ,35 mg/kg)建立DKD模型。剔除造模失败及死亡大鼠4只。将造模成功的24只大鼠分为模型组(
n
=8)、缬沙坦组(
n
=8)、GTW组(
n
=8)。各组连续灌胃给药6周。第6周末生化检测各组大鼠谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、白蛋白(albumin,ALB)、尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)、血清肌酐(scrum creatinine,Scr)、24 h尿蛋白定量(24 hour urinary protein,24 h-UTP),采用酶联免疫吸附试验法(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测血清丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)表达水平,苏木素-伊红(hematoxylineosin,HE)染色观察肾脏组织学病变,免疫蛋白印记法(Western blot,WB)检测XBP1、Hrd1、Nrf2、溶质载体家族7成员1(solute carrier family 7 member 11,Slc7a11)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(glutathione peroxidase 4,Gpx4)蛋白表达,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR,RT-PCR)法检测XBP1、Hrd1、Nrf2、Slc7a11、Gpx4 mRNA表达。
结果
2
与空白组比较,模型组大鼠的24 h-UTP[(42.99±6.55) mg/24 h]、SCr[(51.45±5.14) μmol/L]及血清MDA[(6.86±0.87) μg/L]水平升高(均
P
<
0.01),ALT[(85.09±9.89) U/L]、BUN[(22.26±2.32) mmol/L]、GLU[(34.53±2.77) mmol/L]、TC[(3.14±0.89) mmol/L]、TG[(2.32±0.72) mmol/L]亦明显升高(
P
<
0.01),ALB[(21.44±1.37)g/L]水平明显降低(
P
<
0.01),肾脏病理损害严重,肾组织中XBP1、Hrd1蛋白(1.02±0.01、0.95±0.01)及mRNA(3.50±0.13、2.63±0.46)表达明显升高(
P
<
0.01),Nrf2、Slc7a11、Gpx4蛋白(0.60±0.10、0.31±0.02、0.52±0.01)及mRNA(0.31±0.02、0.23±0.02、0.29±0.02)表达明显降低(
P
<
0.01)。与模型组相比,缬沙坦组与GTW组大鼠24 h-UTP[(23.70±2.70) mg/24 h、(23.88±5.60) mg/24 h]、SCr[(35.54±3.39) μmol/L、36.75±2.44)μmol/L]及血清MDA[(4.56±0.81)μg/L、(4.22±1.02) μg/L)]水平降低(均
P
<
0.001),ALT[(49.51±2.80) U/L、(54.88±7.07) U/L]、BUN[(16.59±1.11) mmol/L、(16.75±2.44) mmol/L)]、GLU[(26.00±4.35) mmol/L、(27.79±2.44) mmol/L)]、TC[(2.13±0.42) mmol/L、(1.95±0.26) mmol/L)]、TG[(1.41±0.25) m
mol/L、(1.41±0.47) mmol/L)]亦明显降低(
P
<
0.01),ALB[(24.10±2.24)g/L、(24.13±1.08) g/L)]水平明显升高(
P
<
0.01),肾脏病理损害减轻,肾组织中XBP1、Hrd1蛋白(0.64±0.01、0.66±0.01;0.68±0.01、0.72±0.02)及XBP1、Hrd1 mRNA(2.01±0.02、2.02±0.03;1.61±0.01、1.58±0.02)表达明显降低(
P
<
0.01),Nrf2、Slc7a11、Gpx4蛋白表达(0.81±0.01、0.82±0.02;0.41±0.01、0.42±0.02;0.81±0.01、0.82±0.01)与mRNA(0.62±0.03、0.59±0.02;0.59±0.01、0.61±0.02;0.47±0.02、0.49±0.01)表达明显升高(
P
<
0.01)。
结论
2
GTW可能通过XBP1/Hrd1/Hrd1通路抑制DKD中内质网应激的发生,延缓铁死亡进展,进而达到改善DKD大鼠肾脏损伤的作用。
Objective
2
To investigate the effect of
Tripterygium wilfordii
polyglycoside(GTW) on the X-box binding protein 1(XBP1)/hydroxymethylglutaryl-goA reductase degradation protein 1(Hrd1)/nuclear transcription factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2) signaling pathway in rats with diabetic kidney disease(DKD).
Methods
2
After 1 week of adaptive feeding,34 specific pathogen-free male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into blank group with 6 rats and model group with 28 rats. The rats in the blank group were fed with normal diet,while those in the model group were fed with high-fat high-sugar diet and were given a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ,35 mg/kg) to establish a model of DKD. Four rats were removed due to failed modeling or death,and 24 rats with successful modeling were divided into model group,valsartan group,and GTW group,with 8 rats in each group. The corresponding drug was given by gavage for 6 consecutive weeks in each group. At the end of week 6,alanine aminotransferase(ALT),albumin(ALB),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),creatinine(Scr),and 24 hour urinary protein(24 h-UTP) were measured for each group; ELISA was used to measure the serum level of malondialdehyde(MDA); HE staining was used to observe renal histological changes; Western blot was used to measure the protein expression levels of XBP1,Hrd1,Nrf2,solute carrier family 7 member 11(Slc7a11),and glutathione peroxidase 4(Gpx4),and RT-PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression levels of XBP1,Hrd1,Nrf2,Slc7a11 and Gpx4.
Results
2
Compared with the blank group,the model group had significant increases in the levels of 24 h-UTP(42.99±6.55) mg/24 h,SCr (51.45±5.14)μmol/L,serum MDA (6.86±0.87) μg/L,ALT(85.09±9.89)U/L,BUN (22.26±2.32) mmol/L,GLU (34.53±2.77)mmol/L,TC(3.14±0.89)mmol/L,and TG(2.32±0.72) mmol/L(all
P
<
0.01),a significant reduction in the level of ALB(21.44±1.37)g/L(
P
<
0.01),and the presence of severe renal pathological damage,as well as significant increases in the protein and mRNA expression levels of XBP1(protein expression:1.02±0.01; mRNA expression:3.50±0.13) and Hrd1(protein expression:0.95±0.01;mRNA expression:2.63±0.46) and significant reductions in the protein and mRNA expression levels of Nrf2(protein expression:0.60±0.10;mRNA expression:0.31±0.02),Slc7a11(protein expression:0.31±0.02;mRNA expression:0.23±0.02),and Gpx4(protein expression:0.52±0.01;mRNA expression:0.29±0.02) in renal tissue(
P
<
0.01). Compared with the model group,the valsartan group and the GTW group had significant reductions in the levels of 24 h-UTP[(23.70±2.70) mg/24 h,(23.88±5.60) mg/24 h],Scr[(35.54±3.39) μmol/L,(36.75±2.44) μmol/L)],and serum MDA[(4.56±0.81) μg/L,(4.22±1.02) μg/L](all
P
<
0.001),significant reductions in the levels of ALT[(49.51±2.80) U/L,(54.88±7.07) U/L],BUN[(16.59±1.11) mmol/L,(16.75±2.44) mmol/L],GLU[(26.00±4.35) mmol/L,(27.79±2.44) mmol/L],TC[(2.13±0.42) mmol/L,(1.95±0.26) mmol/L],and TG[(1.41±0.25) mmol/L,(1.41±0.47) mmol/L](all
P
<
0.01),and a significant increase in the level of ALB[(24.10±2.24)g/L,(24.13±1.08)g/L] (
P
<
0.01),with the alleviation of renal pathological damage,as well as significant reductions in the protein and mRNA expression levels of XBP1(protein expression:0.64±0.01 a
nd 0.66±0.01; mRNA expression:2.01±0.02 and 2.02±0.03) and Hrd1 (protein expression:0.68±0.01 and 0.72±0.02; mRNA expression:1.61±0.01 and 1.58±0.02) and significant increases in the expression levels of Nrf2(protein expression:0.81±0.01 and 0.82±0.02; mRNA expression:0.62±0.03 and 0.59±0.02),Slc7a11 (protein expression:0.41±0.01 and 0.42±0.02;mRNA expression:0.59±0.01 and 0.61±0.02),and Gpx4 (protein expression:0.81±0.01 and 0.82±0.01;mRNA expression:0.47±0.02 and 0.49±0.01) in renal tissue(
P
<
0.01).
Conclusion
2
GTW may inhibit the occurrence of endoplasmic reticulum stress in DKD via the XBP1/Hrd1/Nrf2 pathway,delay the progression of ferroptosis,reduce urinary protein,and thereby achieve the effect of improving renal injury in DKD rats.
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