ZHAO Xiaoyu,DUAN Shuyi,AN Xuna,et al.Study on the stability and compatibility of butorphanol, nicardipine, urapidil and tirofiban administered via micro-infusion pump[J].ZHONGGUO YAOFANG,2026,37(12):1626-1630.
ZHAO Xiaoyu,DUAN Shuyi,AN Xuna,et al.Study on the stability and compatibility of butorphanol, nicardipine, urapidil and tirofiban administered via micro-infusion pump[J].ZHONGGUO YAOFANG,2026,37(12):1626-1630.DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.12.18.
Study on the stability and compatibility of butorphanol, nicardipine, urapidil and tirofiban administered via micro-infusion pump
To investigate the stability and compatibility of butorphanol, nicardipine, urapidil, and tirofiban.
METHODS
2
A micro-infusion pump was used to simulate the infusion process. Samples were collected in real time from the needle tip at 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h after mixing of the four drugs. The appearance, pH, and number of insoluble particles were examined. The contents of butorphanol, nicardipine, urapidil, and tirofiban were determined using the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography method.
RESULTS
2
Within 8 hours, all mixed solutions remained clear and transparent, with no visible turbidity, precipitation, color change, or gas generation. The pH fluctuation ranged from 0.02 to 0.09, both within 0.1 pH units. The number of insoluble particles ≥10 μm in size in each compatibility solution was ≤9, and the number of insoluble particles ≥25 μm was ≤2, meeting the requirements of the 2025 edition of the
Chinese Pharmacopoeia
(Volume Ⅳ). The relative percentage contents of butorphanol, nicardipine, urapidil, and tirofiban at 8 hours after compatibility mixing ranged from 92.38% to 113.40%.
CONCLUSIONS
2
Within 8 hours under simulated clinical micro-infusion pump infusion conditions, the stability and compatibility of the mixed solution containing butorphanol, nicardipine, urapidil, and tirofiban were satisfactory.
关键词
Keywords
references
MARSILIO N R , DA SILVA D , BUENO D . Drug incompatibilities in the adult intensive care unit of a university hospital [J ] . Rev Bras De Terapia Intensiva , 2016 , 28 ( 2 ): 147 - 153 .
LEAL K D B , LEOPOLDINO R W D , MARTINS R R , et al . Potential intravenous drug incompatibilities in a pediatric unit [J ] . Einstein São Palo , 2016 , 14 ( 2 ): 185 - 189 .
NELSON K E , EISENACH J C . Intravenous butorphanol,meperidine,and their combination relieve pain and distress in women in labor [J ] . Anesthesiology , 2005 , 102 ( 5 ): 1008 - 1013 .
CURRAN M P , ROBINSON D M , KEATING G M . Intravenous nicardipine:its use in the short-term treatment of hypertension and various other indications [J ] . Drugs , 2006 , 66 ( 13 ): 1755 - 1782 .
JIANG Y Y , HUANG W R , ZHANG Y Y , et al . Tirofiban in acute ischemic stroke:mechanistic rationale,clinical advances,and emerging therapeutic strategies [J ] . Drugs , 2025 , 85 ( 10 ): 1269 - 1287 .
PENG S N , LI X , YANG H T , et al . Compatibility and safety of vancomycin combined with nicardipine,nimodipine,and urapidil in microinfusion pump systems for clinical subarachnoid hemorrhage treatment [J ] . J Pharm Sci , 2025 , 114 ( 11 ): 103968 .
CHEN F C , FANG B X , LI P , et al . Compatibility of butorphanol and droperidol in 0.9% sodium chloride injection [J ] . Am J Health Syst Pharm , 2013 , 70 ( 6 ): 515 - 519 .
DANSCHUTTER D , BRAET F , VAN GYSEGHEM E , et al . Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate and deep venous throm-bosis in children:a clinical and experimental analysis [J ] . Pediatrics , 2007 , 119 ( 3 ): e742 - e753 .