1.天津中医药大学研究生院,天津 301617
2.天津中医药大学第二附属医院消化科,天津 300250
Received:13 September 2025,
Revised:2025-12-28,
Accepted:28 December 2025,
Published:15 February 2026
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高山雪,马佳乐,彭龙,等.基于组学技术的中医药干预腹泻型肠易激综合征机制研究进展[J].中国药房,2026,37(03):401-406.
GAO Shanxue,MA Jiale,PENG Long,et al.Progress in mechanistic research on traditional Chinese medicine interventions for irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea based on omics technologies[J].ZHONGGUO YAOFANG,2026,37(03):401-406.
高山雪,马佳乐,彭龙,等.基于组学技术的中医药干预腹泻型肠易激综合征机制研究进展[J].中国药房,2026,37(03):401-406. DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.03.22.
GAO Shanxue,MA Jiale,PENG Long,et al.Progress in mechanistic research on traditional Chinese medicine interventions for irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea based on omics technologies[J].ZHONGGUO YAOFANG,2026,37(03):401-406. DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.03.22.
腹泻型肠易激综合征(IBS-D)作为微生物群-肠-脑轴相关的典型疾病,其发病机制尚未完全明确,临床诊疗仍面临挑战。组学技术凭借高通量检测与系统性解析的优势,成为了解码中医药治疗IBS-D的复杂机制的关键工具。本文系统综述了转录组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学、微生物组学及多组学整合技术在中医药干预IBS-D中的研究进展,发现在单一组学研究中,转录组学可通过RNA测序等技术,揭示中医药对IBS-D相关信号通路的调控机制;蛋白质组学可借助双向差异凝胶电泳、串联质谱标签等定量技术筛选出差异蛋白,阐明中医药治疗IBS-D的作用靶点;代谢组学可通过超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱质谱、液相色谱-串联质谱等方法,发现中医药改善IBS-D代谢紊乱的相关通路;微生物组学可基于16S RNA基因测序,证实中医药能重塑肠道菌群结构,恢复肠道微生态平衡,从而改善IBS-D。多组学整合研究能进一步突破单一组学局限,整合转录组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学、微生物组学等多方面信息,更加全面、系统地阐释中医药治疗IBS-D的复杂机制。未来应从中医证型分层临床研究、多组学整合验证机制、新兴组学挖掘新机制三方面推进IBS-D相关研究,为该病的精准诊疗提供更多创新思路。
Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D), as a prototypical disorder involving the microbiota-gut-brain axis, remains poorly understood in terms of its pathogenesis, posing ongoing challenges for clinical diagnosis. Omics technologies, leveraging their high-throughput detection and systematic analysis advantages, has emerged as a critical tool for deciphering the complex mechanisms underlying traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment of IBS-D. This systematic review summarizes the research progress of transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, microbiomics, and multi-omics integration techniques in TCM interventions for IBS-D. In single-omics studies, transcriptomics using techniques like RNA-seq, reveals the regulatory mechanisms of TCM on IBS-related signaling pathways. Proteomics, leveraging quantitative technologies such as 2D-difference gel electrophoresis and tandem mass tag, identifies differentially expressed proteins and elucidates the action targets of TCM in treating IBS-D. Metabolomics, employing methods like UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and LC-MS/MS, discovers metabolic pathways regulated by TCM to improve metabolic disturbances in IBS-D. Microbiomics, based on 16S rRNA sequencing, confirms that TCM can reshape the gut microbiota structure and restore the intestinal microecological balance, thereby improving IBS-D. Multi-omics integration further overcomes the limitations of single-omics approaches by synthesizing information from transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and microbiomics, enabling a more comprehensive and systematic elucidation of the complex mechanisms underlying TCM treatment for IBS-D. In the future, research related to IBS-D should be advanced from three aspects: stratified clinical research based on TCM syndrome types, multi-omics integration verification mechanisms, and emerging omics to explore new mechanisms, providing more innovative ideas for the precise diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
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