1.河北工程大学临床医学院,河北 邯郸 056038
2.河北工程大学附属医院心血管内科,河北 邯郸 056002
Received:08 July 2025,
Revised:2025-09-25,
Accepted:28 September 2025,
Published:30 November 2025
移动端阅览
田野,陈线茹,梅向辉,等.芦荟苷通过调控巨噬细胞极化改善动脉粥样硬化的机制研究 Δ[J].中国药房,2025,36(22):2802-2808.
TIAN Ye,CHEN Xianru,MEI Xianghui,et al.Mechanism of aloin ameliorating atherosclerosis through regulating macrophage polarization[J].ZHONGGUO YAOFANG,2025,36(22):2802-2808.
田野,陈线茹,梅向辉,等.芦荟苷通过调控巨噬细胞极化改善动脉粥样硬化的机制研究 Δ[J].中国药房,2025,36(22):2802-2808. DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.22.09.
TIAN Ye,CHEN Xianru,MEI Xianghui,et al.Mechanism of aloin ameliorating atherosclerosis through regulating macrophage polarization[J].ZHONGGUO YAOFANG,2025,36(22):2802-2808. DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.22.09.
目的
2
探究芦荟苷(ALO)改善动脉粥样硬化(AS)的机制。
方法
2
将8只C57BL/6J小鼠设为对照组(CON组),基础饲料喂养;将32只载脂蛋白E基因敲除(
APOE
-
/
-
)小鼠随机分为模型组(MOD组),ALO低、高剂量组[ALO-L、ALO-H组,20、40 mg/(kg·d)
]
、阿托伐他汀阳性对照组[ATO组,4 mg/(kg·d)
]
,每组8只,通过高脂饲料喂养构建AS小鼠模型。各组小鼠灌胃给药或等体积去离子水,持续8周。检测小鼠血脂水平,观察其主动脉病理结构变化,检测其主动脉中CD86
+
、CD206
+
表达,并检测其主动脉中诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、精氨酸酶1(Arg-1)、白细胞介素10(IL-10) mRNA和iNOS、Arg-1蛋白表达以及核因子κB p65(NF-κB p65)、信号转导和转录激活因子3(STAT3)蛋白的磷酸化水平。以脂多糖(LPS)诱导RAW264.7细胞构建巨噬细胞极化模型,考察ALO(400 μmol/L)对巨噬细胞极化的影响。
结果
2
与MOD组相比,各给药小鼠的血脂(除ALO-L组小鼠血清中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇外)异常均被显著逆转(
P
<0.05),主动脉内膜结构亦明显改善,斑块面积均显著缩小(
P
<0.01),主动脉中CD86
+
相对荧光强度均显著降低、CD206
+
相对荧光强度均显著升高(
P
<0.01),iNOS、TNF-α mRNA表达水平均显著降低(
P
<0.05);ALO-H组、ATO组小鼠主动脉中Arg-1、IL-10 mRNA及Arg-1蛋白表达水平均显著升高(
P
<0.05),iNOS蛋白表达水平及NF-κB p65、STAT3蛋白的磷酸化水平均显著降低(
P
<0.05)。细胞实验结果显示,ALO可显著降低LPS诱导的M1型巨噬细胞比例(
P
<0.01),升高M2型巨噬细胞比例(
P
<0.01)。
结论
2
ALO可抑制巨噬细胞向M1型极化并促进其向M2型极化,改善AS模型小鼠血脂代谢紊乱,减少主动脉斑块形成,改善主动脉内膜结构;该作用机制可能与抑制NF-κB/STAT3信号通路有关。
OBJECTIVE
2
To investigate the mechanism by which aloin (ALO) ameliorates atherosclerosis (AS).
METHODS
2
Eight C57BL/6J mice were assigned to the control group (CON group) and fed a standard diet; thirty-two apolipoprotein E-knockout (
APOE
-
/
-
) mice were randomly divided into model group (MOD group), ALO low-dose and high-dose groups [ALO-L group, ALO-H group, 20, 40 mg/(kg·d)
]
, and atorvastatin positive control group [ATO group, 4 mg/(kg·d)
]
, with 8 mice in each group, establishing the AS model through feeding with a high-fat diet. The mice were administered the drug via gavage or given an equal volume of deionized water for 8 consecutive weeks. The lipid levels in the serum of mice were measured, and the pathological structural changes in their aortas were observed. The expressions of macrophage polarization markers (CD86
+
, CD206
+
) in the aorta were determined, along with the mRNA expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), arginase-1 (Arg-1), and interleukin-10 (IL-10), as well as the protein expressions of iNOS and Arg-1, and the phosphorylation levels of nuclear factor κB p65 (NF-κB p65) and signal transduction and ac
tivator of transcription 3 (STAT3) proteins. Additionally, a macrophage polarization model was established using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells, and the effect of ALO (400 μmol/L) on the cellular polarization phenotype was investigated.
RESULTS
2
Compared with the MOD group, administration groups all showed significant improvement in dyslipidemia (except for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the serum of ALO-L group) (
P
<0.05); aortic intimal structure improved significantly, plaque area was reduced significantly (
P
<0.01); the CD86
+
relative fluorescence intensity in the aorta decreased significantly, the CD206
+
relative fluorescence intensity increased significantly (
P
<0.01), while the expressions of iNOS and TNF-α mRNA were down-regulated significantly (
P
<0.05); mRNA expressions of Arg-1 and IL-10, and protein expression of Arg-1 were increased significantly in ALO-H group and ATO group (
P
<0.05); the protein expressions of iNOS, and the phosphorylation levels of NF-κB p65 and STAT3 protein were decreased significantly (
P
<0.05).
In vitro
experiments further confirmed that ALO significantly reduced the proportion of LPS-induced M1-type macrophages but increased the proportion of M2-type macrophages (
P
<0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
2
ALO inhibits M1-type macrophage polarization and promotes M2-type polarization, ameliorates dyslipidemia and reduces arterial plaque formation in AS model mice, improve the structure of the aortic intima potentially through suppression of the NF-κB/STAT3 signaling pathway.
KONG P , CUI Z Y , HUANG X F , et al . Inflammation and atherosclerosis:signaling pathways and therapeutic intervention [J ] . Signal Transduct Target Ther , 2022 , 7 ( 1 ): 131 .
MARTIN S S , ADAY A W , ALLEN N B , et al . 2025 heart disease and stroke statistics:a report of US and global data from the American Heart Association [J ] . Circulation , 2025 , 151 ( 8 ): e41 - e660 .
LI H X , CAO Z Q , WANG L L , et al . Macrophage subsets and death are responsible for atherosclerotic plaque formation [J ] . Front Immunol , 2022 , 13 : 843712 .
JINNOUCHI H , GUO L , SAKAMOTO A , et al . Diversity of macrophage phenotypes and responses in athero-sclerosis [J ] . Cell Mol Life Sci , 2020 , 77 ( 10 ): 1919 - 1932 .
COLLABORATION C T T . Efficacy and safety of statin therapy in older people:a meta-analysis of individual participant data from 28 randomised controlled trials [J ] . Lancet , 2019 , 393 ( 10170 ): 407 - 415 .
SÁNCHEZ M , GONZÁLEZ-BURGOS E , IGLESIAS I , et al . Pharmacological update properties of Aloe vera and its major active constituents [J ] . Molecules , 2020 , 25 ( 6 ): 1324 .
LEE W , YANG S M , LEE C H , et al . Aloin reduces inflammatory gene iNOS via inhibition activity and p-STAT-1 and NF-κB [J ] . Food Chem Toxicol , 2019 , 126 : 67 - 71 .
CUI Y , YE Q , WANG H Y , et al . Aloin protects against chronic alcoholic liver injury via attenuating lipid accumulation,oxidative stress and inflammation in mice [J ] . Arch Pharm Res , 2014 , 37 ( 12 ): 1624 - 1633 .
XU Q S , FAN Y H , LOOR J J , et al . Aloin protects mice from diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis via activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling [J ] . Food Funct , 2021 , 12 ( 2 ): 696 - 705 .
ZHANG J , WANG X Y , GUAN B Y , et al . Qing-Xin-Jie-Yu Granule inhibits ferroptosis and stabilizes atherosclerotic plaques by regulating the GPX4/xCT signaling pathway [J ] . J Ethnopharmacol , 2023 , 301 : 115852 .
LUO X , ZHANG H W , WEI X D , et al . Aloin suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response and apoptosis by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB [J ] . Mo-lecules , 2018 , 23 ( 3 ): 517 .
国家心血管病中心 , 中国心血管健康与疾病报告编写组 . 中国心血管健康与疾病报告2024概要 [J ] . 中国循环杂志 , 2025 , 40 ( 6 ): 521 - 559 .
ZHANG S H , REDDICK R L , PIEDRAHITA J A , et al . Spontaneous hypercholesterolemia and arterial lesions in mice lacking apolipoprotein E [J ] . Science , 1992 , 258 ( 5081 ): 468 - 471 .
DAUGHERTY A , TALL A R , DAEMEN M J A P , et al . Recommendation on design,execution,and reporting of animal atherosclerosis studies:a scientific statement from the American Heart Association [J ] . Circ Res , 2017 , 121 ( 6 ): e53 - e79 .
HOU P B , FANG J K , LIU Z H , et al . Macrophage polari-zation and metabolism in atherosclerosis [J ] . Cell Death Dis , 2023 , 14 ( 10 ): 691 .
MUSSBACHER M , DERLER M , BASÍLIO J , et al . NF-κB in monocytes and macrophages:an inflammatory master regulator in multitalented immune cells [J ] . Front Immunol , 2023 , 14 : 1134661 .
MYERS S A , GOTTSCHALK R A . Mechanisms en-coding STAT functional diversity for context-specific inflammatory responses [J ] . Curr Opin Immunol , 2022 , 74 : 150 - 155 .
FU X Y , SUN Z J , LONG Q Y , et al . Glycosides from Buyang huanwu Decoction inhibit atherosclerotic inflammation via JAK/STAT signaling pathway [J ] . Phytomedicine , 2022 , 105 : 154385 .
0
Views
0
下载量
0
CSCD
Publicity Resources
Related Articles
Related Author
Related Institution
京公网安备11010802024621
