The "human-figure recording method" for neurological physical examination: creation and implementation in teaching

Yao Xiaoying; Pan Yuanmei; Geng Jieli; Shen Fei; Feng Zhiying; Zhang Ying; Wang Gang

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn116021-20260122-02349

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The "human-figure recording method" for neurological physical examination: creation and implementation in teaching

更新时间：2026-08-01

- The "human-figure recording method" for neurological physical examination: creation and implementation in teaching
- Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research Pages: 1-9(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院神经内科，上海 200127
- 作者简介：
  
  Wang Gang, Email: wanggang@renji.com
- 基金信息：
  
  2022 Shanghai Municipal Key Course Construction Project;2024 Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Undergraduate Honors Course Construction Key Funding Project;2025 Shanghai-Ottawa Joint Medical School Second-round English-based Course Construction Project;2025 Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Undergraduate Core Course Construction Project
- DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn116021-20260122-02349
  CLC： R-0R-4;R741.049
- Received：22 January 2026，
  
  Online First：01 August 2026，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
Yao Xiaoying, Pan Yuanmei, Geng Jieli, et al. The "human-figure recording method" for neurological physical examination: creation and implementation in teaching[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research, 2026, 1-9.
DOI：

Yao Xiaoying, Pan Yuanmei, Geng Jieli, et al. The "human-figure recording method" for neurological physical examination: creation and implementation in teaching[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research, 2026, 1-9. DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn116021-20260122-02349.

摘要

神经系统体格检查是神经病学诊断教学的核心，传统文字或表格记录方式存在信息分散、缺乏空间直观性等不足，不利于初学者构建定位诊断思维。针对这一教学痛点，本文系统介绍了一种创新、便捷的图形化记录工具——神经系统体格检查“人字形记录法”。该方法以人形图简笔画为载体，通过一套标准化的视觉符号系统，将颅神经、运动、感觉、反射等查体结果进行整合与空间标注，形成一份可视化的神经体征摘要。本文阐述了该方法的由来及理论基础（双重编码理论、认知负荷理论）、设计理念（标准化、符号化、空间化）及其应用价值；同时，教学实践表明，该方法能有效整合碎片化信息，强化神经解剖联系，促进学员快速识别体征组合模式，显著提升其定位诊断能力，并改善其病例分析与汇报的逻辑性与完整性。总之，“人字形记录法”不仅是一种高效的记录工具，更是一种融合认知科学原理的教学方法，为神经病学临床思维培养提供了新颖且具推广价值的解决方案。

Abstract

The neurological physical examination serves as a cornerstone of diagnostic training in neurology. However

traditional recording methods

whether in narrative text or structured tables

often present information in a fragmented and spatially non-intuitive manner

hindering beginners in developing localization diagnostic thinking. To address this teaching challenge

this article systematically introduces an innovative and user-friendly graphical recording tool

namely the "human-figure recording method"

for neurological physical examination. Using a simplified human figure sketch as a framework

this method integrates and spatially annotates findings from cranial nerve

motor

sensory

and reflex assessments through a standardized system of visual symbols

thereby generating a concise visual summary of neurological signs. This paper elaborates on the origin

theoretical foundations (dual coding theory and cognitive load theory)

design principles (standardization

symbolization

and spatialization)

and application value of this method. Teaching practice further demonstrates that this approach effectively consolidates fragmented clinical information and reinforces neuroanatomical correlations. This method also facilitates rapid recognition of sign combination patterns by trainees

significantly enhances their localization diagnostic competence

and improves the logical coherence and completeness of their case analysis and presentation. In summary

the "human-figure recording method" is not merely an efficient recording tool but also an instructional strategy grounded in cognitive science

offering a novel and scalable solution for cultivating clinical thinking in neurology education.

关键词

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references

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