Factors influencing delayed graduation among master's students in medicine and differences by training type: an analysis based on ascribed and achieved factors

Li Jing; Yang Qingsong; Jia Jinzhong; Wang Zhiqiang; Zhang Mengting; Zou Jiahao; Shi Peiyao; Yan Qi

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn116021-20250530-02209

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Factors influencing delayed graduation among master's students in medicine and differences by training type: an analysis based on ascribed and achieved factors

Investigation Research | 更新时间：2026-02-26

- Factors influencing delayed graduation among master's students in medicine and differences by training type: an analysis based on ascribed and achieved factors
- Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research Vol. 25, Issue 2, Pages: 181-188(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.石河子大学公共卫生学院，石河子 832003
  2.北京大学研究生院医学部分院学会秘书处办公室，北京 100191
  3.北京大学医学学位与研究生教育研究中心，北京 100191
  4.北京大学公共卫生学院卫生政策与管理学系，北京 100191
- 作者简介：
  
  Jia Jinzhong, Email: jiajinzhongpku@126.com
- 基金信息：
  
  2024 Peking University Health Science Center Educational Teaching Research Project(2024YB47)
- DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn116021-20250530-02209
  CLC： R-05
- Received：30 May 2025，
  
  Published：20 February 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
李静, 杨清松, 贾金忠, 等. 医学硕士研究生延期毕业影响因素及培养类型差异研究：基于先赋后致因素[J]. 中华医学教育探索杂志, 2026, 25(2): 181-188.

Li Jing, Yang Qingsong, Jia Jinzhong, et al. Factors influencing delayed graduation among master's students in medicine and differences by training type: an analysis based on ascribed and achieved factors[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research, 2026, 25(2): 181-188.
李静, 杨清松, 贾金忠, 等. 医学硕士研究生延期毕业影响因素及培养类型差异研究：基于先赋后致因素[J]. 中华医学教育探索杂志, 2026, 25(2): 181-188. DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn116021-20250530-02209.

Li Jing, Yang Qingsong, Jia Jinzhong, et al. Factors influencing delayed graduation among master's students in medicine and differences by training type: an analysis based on ascribed and achieved factors[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research, 2026, 25(2): 181-188. DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn116021-20250530-02209.

摘要

目的

探讨医学硕士研究生延期毕业影响因素，分析全日制与非全日制群体差异性，以期优化培养过程、提升培养效率与质量。

方法

基于2024年全国17 476名医学应届硕士毕业生的问卷调查，采用卡方检验、二元Logistic回归及Shapley值分解法，从先赋性与后致性视角进行影响因素分析。

结果

培养类型是影响医学硕士研究生延期毕业的核心因素，其Shapley值贡献占比为89.84%。其中，非全日制学生延期率高出全日制学生46.25个百分点。在后致性因素中，实践满意度与院校满意度是影响全日制学生延期毕业的重要因素（

0.05）；导师指导风格是影响非全日制学生延期毕业的重要因素，导师为权威控制型的学生延期率低于导师为民主支持型的学生（

=-1.01，

0.05）。在先赋性因素中，非全日制群体的情况更为突出，相比低收入家庭，高收入家庭学生的延期率更低（

=-0.53，

0.05）。此外，临床医学类硕士的延期率高于非临床医学类（

=1.28，

0.001），学术学位学生的延期率高于专业学位学生（

=0.51，

0.001），非全日制学术学位学生的延期风险最高（

=0.82，

0.001）。

结论

需针对不同培养类型优化培养策略，强化非全日制学生经济支持与导师监督，优化全日制学生的院校培养过程；把控学术学位研究生的科研管理过程，提升医学硕士研究生培养效率与质量。

Abstract

Objective

To investigate the factors influencing delayed graduation among master's students in medicine

analyze differences between full-time and part-time students

optimize training processes

and improve training efficiency and quality.

Methods

Based on a questionnaire survey of 17 476 master's students in medicine who graduated in 2024

we employed chi-square test

binary logistic regression

and Shapley value decomposition to analyze influencing factors from both ascribed and achieved perspectives.

Results

Training type was the core factor influencing delayed graduation among master's students in medicine

accounting for 89.84% of the Shapley value. Specifically

the delayed graduation rate for part-time students was 46.25 percentage points higher

than that of full-time students. Among achieved factors

satisfaction with practical experience and satisfaction with the institution were important influencing factors for delayed graduation in full-time students (

0.05). For part-time students

mentoring style was an important influencing factor. Students with mentors who adopted an authoritative and controlling style had a lower delayed graduation rate than those with mentors who used a democratic and supportive style (

=-1.01

0.05). Ascribed factors showed a relatively high influence on part-time students. Compared to students from low-income families

those from high-income families had a lower delayed graduation rate (

=-0.53

0.05). Furthermore

the delayed graduation rate was higher for students in clinical medicine programs than for those in non-clinical programs (

=1.28

0.001). Students pursuing academic degrees had a higher delayed graduation rate than those in professional degree programs (

=0.51

0.001). Part-time students in academic degree programs showed the highest risk of delayed graduation (

=0.82

0.001).

Conclusions

Differentiated training strategies should be implemented based on training type. For part-time students

economic support and mentor supervision should be strengthened. For full-time students

the institutional training process should be optimized. Additionally

the research management process for students in academic programs should be controlled to enhance the overall efficiency and quality of training master's students in medicine.

关键词

Keywords

references

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