Revealing negative rumination as a core target for improving executive function impairment in depressed college students: A mediation analysis based on the dual rumination model

HAN Xiaodi; ZHANG Qiongzhi; HAN Yanan; HUANG Heqing; FENG Zhengzhi

doi:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202511115

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Revealing negative rumination as a core target for improving executive function impairment in depressed college students: A mediation analysis based on the dual rumination model

Medical Psychology | 更新时间：2026-02-23

- Revealing negative rumination as a core target for improving executive function impairment in depressed college students: A mediation analysis based on the dual rumination model
- Journal of Army Medical University Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 378-386(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.陆军军医大学（第三军医大学）：，医学心理系，重庆
  2.陆军军医大学（第三军医大学）：，第一附属医院医学心理科，重庆
- 作者简介：
  
  HUANG Heqing，E-mail：heqing@tmmu.edu.cn
  FENG Zhengzhi，E-mail：fzz@tmmu.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  the General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(81971278)
- DOI：10.16016/j.2097-0927.202511115
  CLC： G645.5;R395.1;R749.4
- Received：26 November 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-12-23，
  
  Accepted：16 January 2026，
  
  Published：15 February 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
韩晓迪，张琼之，韩亚楠，等.揭示消极反刍思维是改善抑郁大学生执行功能损害的核心靶点：基于双重反刍思维模型的中介分析［J］.陆军军医大学学报，2026，48（03）：378-386.DOI：10.16016/j.2097-0927.202511115.

HAN X D，ZHANG Q Z，HAN Y N，et al.Revealing negative rumination as a core target for improving executive function impairment in depressed college students： A mediation analysis based on the dual rumination model［J］.J Army Med Univ，2026，48（03）：378-386.DOI：10.16016/j.2097-0927.202511115.
韩晓迪，张琼之，韩亚楠，等.揭示消极反刍思维是改善抑郁大学生执行功能损害的核心靶点：基于双重反刍思维模型的中介分析［J］.陆军军医大学学报，2026，48（03）：378-386.DOI：10.16016/j.2097-0927.202511115. DOI：

HAN X D，ZHANG Q Z，HAN Y N，et al.Revealing negative rumination as a core target for improving executive function impairment in depressed college students： A mediation analysis based on the dual rumination model［J］.J Army Med Univ，2026，48（03）：378-386.DOI：10.16016/j.2097-0927.202511115. DOI：

摘要

目的

探讨积极和消极反刍思维在大学生抑郁症状与执行功能及其子成分（抑制控制、工作记忆、认知灵活性）关系中的中介作用。

方法

于2024年９—10月期间，采用方便抽样法，通过问卷星平台向重庆、四川等全国30个省（市）高校发放电子问卷。采用患者健康问卷抑郁量表（patient health questionnaire-9，PHQ-9）、积极和消极反刍思维量表（positive and negative rumination scale，PANRS）及执行功能行为评定量表成人版（behavior rating inventory of executive function-adult version，BRIEF-A）对699名大学生进行线上调查，依据PHQ-9评分标准将大学生划分为抑郁症状组（

=466，66.67%

）和非抑郁症状组（

=233，33.33%）。比较2组大学生在各量表得分上的差异，并分析各变量间的关系及中介效应。

结果

①抑郁症状组消极反刍思维得分显著高于非抑郁症状组［（30.27±4.93）

（26.42±3.81），

=-10.451，

0.001］，执行功能及其子成分、积极反刍思维得分显著低于非抑郁症状组（

0.001）；②抑郁症状与消极反刍思维呈显著正相关（

=0.394，

0.01），与执行功能及其子成分呈显著负相关（

0.01），与积极反刍思维无显著关联（

0.05）。③消极反刍思维在大学生抑郁症状与执行功能关系中起到中介作用，中介效应占比为10.85%，积极反刍思维正向预测执行功能（

=0.086，

0.05）。④消极反刍思维在大学生抑郁症状与执行功能子成分关系中的中介作用具有特异性（仅对抑制控制和工作记忆显著，间接效应占比分别为8.11%和16.94%）；积极反刍思维未表现出显著的中介作用。

结论

消极反刍思维在大学生抑郁症状与执行功能（尤其是抑制控制和工作记忆）之间起部分中介作用，是改善抑郁大学生执行功能受损的核心干预靶点。

Abstract

Objective

To explore the mediating roles of positive and negative rumination in the relationship between depressive symptoms and executive function and its subdomains (inhibitory control

working memory

and cognitive flexibility) among college students.

Methods

During September and October 2024

an electronic questionnaire was distributed using convenience sampling through the “Wenjuanxing” platform to universities in 30 provinces and municipalities across China

such as Chongqing and Sichuan.A total of 699 college students were surveyed online using patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)

positive and negative rumination scale (PANRS)

and behavior rating inventory of executive function-adult version (BRIEF-A). The participants were divided into depressive symptom group (

=466

66.67%) and a non-depressive symptom group (

=233

33.33%) based on PHQ-9 score. Differences in scores between the 2 groups were compared

and the relationships between variables as well as the mediating effects were analyzed.

Results

① Scores of negative rumination were significantly higher in the dep

ressive symptom group than in the non-depressive symptom group [(30.27±4.93）

（26.42±3.81），

=-10.451，

0.001

]

while executive function and its subdomains

as well as positive rumination

were significantly lower (

=0.394，

0.01). ② Depressive symptoms showed a significant positive correlation with negative rumination and a significant negative correlation with executive function and its subdomains (

0.01)

but no significant correlation with positive rumination (

0.05).③ Negative rumination exhibited a mediating effect in the relationship between depressive symptoms and executive function

accounting for 10.85% of the total effect

whereas positive rumination served as a positive predictor of executive function (

=0.086，

0.05).④ The mediating effect of negative rumination between depressive symptoms and executive function subdomains demonstrated domain specificity

reaching statistical significance only for inhibitory control and working memory

with indirect effect ratios of 8.11% and 16.94% respectively

but not for cognitive flexibility. No significant mediating effect was observed for positive rumination.

Conclusion

Negative rumination plays a partial mediating role between depressive symptoms and executive function (particularly in inhibitory control and working memory) among college students

and it can be regarded as a core modifiable target for interventions to improve executive dysfunction in depressed college students.

关键词

Keywords

references

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