Stigmasterol extracted from <italic style="font-style: italic">Coix lacryma-jobi</italic> ameliorates COPD lung injury <italic style="font-style: italic">via</italic> PPARγ-metabolic reprogramming-M2 polarization axis

CHANG Xing; CHENG Xianghong; CAO Liang

doi:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202510038

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Stigmasterol extracted from Coix lacryma-jobi ameliorates COPD lung injury via PPARγ-metabolic reprogramming-M2 polarization axis

Basic Medicine | 更新时间：2026-02-23

- Stigmasterol extracted from Coix lacryma-jobi ameliorates COPD lung injury via PPARγ-metabolic reprogramming-M2 polarization axis
- Journal of Army Medical University Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 317-324(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.陕西理工大学附属医院普通内科，陕西汉中
  2.西安交通大学第一附属医院榆林医院药剂科，陕西榆林
- 作者简介：
  
  CAO Liang， E-mail： supertiger168816@hotmail.com
- 基金信息：
  
  the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(2022SF-346)
- DOI：10.16016/j.2097-0927.202510038
  CLC： R282.71;R285.5;R563.9
- Received：16 October 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-11-13，
  
  Accepted：13 November 2025，
  
  Published：15 February 2026
- 稿件说明：
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常星，程向红，曹亮.薏苡仁提取物豆甾醇通过PPARγ-代谢重编程-M2极化轴改善慢性阻塞性肺疾病肺损伤［J］.陆军军医大学学报，2026，48（03）：317-324.DOI：10.16016/j.2097-0927.202510038.

CHANG X，CHENG X H，CAO L.Stigmasterol extracted from Coix lacryma-jobi ameliorates COPD lung injury via PPARγ-metabolic reprogramming-M2 polarization axis［J］.J Army Med Univ，2026，48（03）：317-324.DOI：10.16016/j.2097-0927.202510038.
常星，程向红，曹亮.薏苡仁提取物豆甾醇通过PPARγ-代谢重编程-M2极化轴改善慢性阻塞性肺疾病肺损伤［J］.陆军军医大学学报，2026，48（03）：317-324.DOI：10.16016/j.2097-0927.202510038. DOI：

CHANG X，CHENG X H，CAO L.Stigmasterol extracted from Coix lacryma-jobi ameliorates COPD lung injury via PPARγ-metabolic reprogramming-M2 polarization axis［J］.J Army Med Univ，2026，48（03）：317-324.DOI：10.16016/j.2097-0927.202510038. DOI：

摘要

目的

探究薏苡仁提取物豆甾醇治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease，COPD）模型大鼠的作用机制。

方法

40只健康雄性SD大鼠［体质量（120±10）g］，采用随机数字表法分为4组（

=10）：空白（NC）组、模型（Mock）组、豆甾醇（Stigmasterol）组（豆甾醇20 mg/kg）及豆甾醇+GW9662（Stigmasterol+GW9662）组［豆甾醇 20 mg/kg +过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ（peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ，PPARγ）拮抗剂GW9662（1 mg/kg）］。采用烟熏联合气管内滴注脂多糖（lipopolysaccharide，LPS，1 mg/kg）的方法建立COPD大鼠模型，连续干预14 d后，分离肺泡巨噬细胞，采用流式细胞术分析M1/M2极化；qRT-PCR、Western blot及ELISA检测PPARγ表达；采用Seahorse XF细胞能量代谢分析系统检测巨噬细胞的耗氧率（oxygen consumption rate，OCR）与细胞外酸化率（extracellular acidification rate，ECAR）；HE染色及免疫组化观察肺组织病理与巨噬细胞浸润。

结果

与NC组相比，Mock组M1/M2比率显著升高（

0.01），PPARγ的mRNA及蛋白表达水平均显著降低（

0.001），同时肺泡巨噬细胞的线粒体基础OCR、最大OCR及糖酵解ECAR亦显著降低（

0.01），肺组织出现典型的肺泡结构破坏、炎性细胞浸润等病理损伤。与Mock组相比，豆甾醇干预能显著逆转上述异常：降低M1/M2比率（

0.01），上调PPARγ表达（

0.01），改善线粒体呼吸与糖酵解代谢能力，并减轻肺组织病理损伤（

0.05）。然而，联合使用PPARγ拮抗剂GW9662后，豆甾醇对M2极化的促进作用、对PPARγ表达的上调作用、对细胞代谢重编程（OCR与ECAR）的改善作用以及对肺组织损伤的保护作用均被显著削弱。

结论

薏苡仁提取物豆甾醇通过激活PPARγ、促进肺泡巨噬细胞代谢重编程并向M2型极化，从而改善COPD大鼠肺组织损伤。

Abstract

Objective

To investigate the mechanism of stigmasterol

an extract from Coicis Semen

in treating rats with a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) model.

Methods

Forty healthy male SD rats (body weight:120±10 g) were randomly divided into four groups (

=10) using a random number table: blank control (NC) group

model (Mock) group

Stigmasterol group (stigmasterol 20 mg/kg)

and stigmasterol+GW9662 group (stigmasterol 20 mg/kg+peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) antagonist GW9662 1 mg/kg). The COPD rat model was established by smoke exposure combined with intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS

1 mg/kg). After 14 d of intervention

alveolar macrophages were isolated. M1/M2 polarization was analyzed by flow cytometry; PPARγ expression was detected using qRT-PCR

Western blot

and ELISA; macrophage oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) were measured with a Seahorse XF Analyzer; and lung tissue pathology and macrophage infiltration were observed

via

HE staining and immunohistochemistry.

Results

Compared with the NC group

the Mock group exhibited a significantly increased M1/M2 ratio (

0.01)

markedly reduced PPARγ expression at both mRNA and protein levels (

0.001)

and decreased mitochondrial basal OCR

maximal OCR

and glycolytic ECAR in alveolar macrophages (

0.01). Lung tissues showed typical histopathological damage

including alveolar destruction and inflammatory cell infiltration. Stigmasterol intervention reversed these abnormalities by decreasing the M1/M2 ratio (

0.01)

upregulating PPARγ expression (

0.01)

improving mitochondrial respiration and glycolytic capacity (as indicated by OCR and ECAR)

and alleviating lung tissue histopathological damage (

0.05). However

co-administration of the PPARγ antagonist GW9662 significantly attenuated stigmasterol’s beneficial effects on promoting M2 macrophage polarization

upregulating PPARγ expression

improving cellular met

abolic reprogramming (OCR and ECAR)

and protecting against lung tissue damage.

Conclusion

Stigmasterol from Coicis Semen ameliorates lung injury in COPD rats by activating PPARγ

which reprograms alveolar macrophage metabolism and drives M2 polarization.

关键词

Keywords

references

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⁰

Stigmasterol extracted from Coix lacryma-jobi ameliorates COPD lung injury via PPARγ-metabolic reprogramming-M2 polarization axis

DOI：10.16016/j.2097-0927.202510038

摘要

Abstract

关键词

Keywords

references