1.陆军军医大学(第三军医大学):,第一附属医院普通外科 ,重庆
4.陆军军医大学(第三军医大学):临床护理学教研室,重庆
2.陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第二附属医院普通外科 ,重庆
3.陆军特色医学中心(第三军医大学大坪医院)胃结直肠肛门外科,重庆
Received:11 August 2025,
Revised:2025-08-22,
Published:15 October 2025
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王智,伍文浩,罗子俨,等.直肠癌术后回肠造口还纳患者发生低位前切除综合征的影响因素分析[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(19):2405-2413.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202508027.
WANG Z,WU W H,LUO Z Y,et al.Factors influencing the development of low anterior resection syndrome in rectal cancer patients after ileostomy reversal[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(19):2405-2413.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202508027.
王智,伍文浩,罗子俨,等.直肠癌术后回肠造口还纳患者发生低位前切除综合征的影响因素分析[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(19):2405-2413.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202508027. DOI:
WANG Z,WU W H,LUO Z Y,et al.Factors influencing the development of low anterior resection syndrome in rectal cancer patients after ileostomy reversal[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(19):2405-2413.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202508027. DOI:
目的
2
调查直肠癌根治术后患者行回肠造口还纳术后1年时发生低位前切除综合征(low anterior resection syndrome, LARS)的影响因素,为临床干预提供依据。
方法
2
采用回顾性队列研究设计,以2023年1月— 024年1月在重庆市3所三甲医院成功行回肠造口还纳术的患者作为研究队列。根据造口还纳术后1年时随访的LARS评分,将患者分为LARS组(评分≥21 分)和非LARS组(评分≤20 分),通过病历系统采集临床资料:年龄、BMI、性别、肿瘤大小、肿瘤距肛缘距离、T分期、N分期、低位前切术手术日期、新辅助治疗、术后化疗、吻合口漏、回肠造口还纳术手术日期。使用单因素分析筛选潜在影响因素,将
P<
0.2的变量纳入多因素Logistic回归模型。采用双向逐步回归法来进一步分析回肠造口还纳术后1年时发生LARS的显著影响因素。
结果
2
根据纳排标准,共纳入312例患者信息,LARS组127例,非LARS组185例。回肠造口还纳术后1年LARS发生率为40.70%(轻度21.79%,重度18.91%),LARS评分为(14.52±11.64)分。多因素Logistic回归分析显示:新辅助治疗(有
vs
无:
OR
=1.830, 95%
CI
:1.088~3.089;
P
=0.023)、肿瘤距肛距离≤5 cm(
vs
>
5 cm:
OR
=2.044, 95%
CI
:1.249~3.374;
P=
0.005)、吻合口漏发生(有
vs
无:
OR
=7.470, 95%
CI
:2.247~34.102;
P
=0.003)及还纳间隔时间(≥181 d
vs
91~180 d:
OR
=2.297, 95%
CI
: 1.363~3.917;
P
=0.002)、N分期(N1-N2
vs
N0:
OR
=1.650, 95%
CI
: 1.009~2.717;
P=
0.047)是回肠造口还纳术后1年发生LARS的显著影响因素。
结论
2
本研究结果提示吻合口漏、还纳间隔时间≥181 d、肿瘤距肛缘≤5 cm及接受新辅助治疗、N分期为N1-N2与直肠癌根治术后患者回肠造口还纳后1年发生LARS有关联。临床医务人员应在造口还纳前及还纳后对具有高危因素的患者进行早期干预及长期随访。
Objective
2
To investigate the influencing factors for low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) at one year after ileostomy reversal in patients who have undergone radical resection for rectal cancer
and to inform clinical interventions.
Methods
2
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 312 patients who successfully underwent ileostomy reversal after radical resection for rectal cancer between January 2023 and January 2024 at 3 tertiary hospitals in Chongqing. Based on LARS scores at 1-year after stoma reversal
they were divided into a LARS group (score ≥21) and a non-L
ARS group (score≤20). Clinical data were collected from the medical record system
including age
body mass index (BMI)
sex
tumor size
tumor distance from the anal verge
T stage
N stage
date of low anterior resection
neoadjuvant therapy
postoperative chemotherapy
anastomotic leakage
and date of ileostomy reversal. Univariate analysis was used to screen potential influencing factors
and variables with
P
<
0.2 were included in a multivariate logistic regression model. Binary stepwise regression analysis was applied to further analyze significant influencing factors for LARS at 1 year after ileostomy reversal.
Results
2
In the cohort
there were 127 patients assigned into the LARS group and 185 into the non-LARS group. The incidence of LARS at 1 year after ileostomy reversal was 40.70%
with mild cases accounting for 21.79% and severe ones for 18.91%
and a mean LARS score of 14.52±11.64. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that neoadjuvant therapy (yes
vs
no:
OR
=1.830
95%
CI
: 1.088~3.089;
P=
0.023)
tumor distance from anal verge ≤5 cm (
vs
>
5 cm:
OR
=2.044
95%
CI
:1.249~3.374;
P=
0.005)
occurrence of anastomotic leakage (yes
vs
no: OR=7.470
95%
CI
: 2.247~34.102;
P=
0.003)
time to reversal (≥181 d
vs
91~180 d:
OR
=2.297
95%
CI
:1.363~3.917;
P
=0.002)
and N stage (N1~N2
vs
N0:
OR
=1.650
95%
CI
: 1.009~2.717;
P=
0.047) were significant influencing factors for LARS at 1 year after ileostomy reversal.
Conclusion
2
Our results suggest that anastomotic leakage
time to reversal ≥181 d
tumor distance from anal verge ≤5 cm
neoadjuvant therapy
and N stage N1~N2 are associated with the occurrence of LARS at 1 year after ileostomy reversal in patients following radical resection of rectal cancer. Clinical healthcare providers should implement early intervention and long-term follow-up for patients with high-risk factors both before and after stoma reversal.
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