陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第二附属医院消化内科,重庆
Received:18 June 2025,
Revised:2025-08-18,
Accepted:23 August 2025,
Published:30 September 2025
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冯小洁,雷媛媛,冯韵璇,等.限时进食通过影响再生胰岛衍生蛋白3γ与肠道菌群缓解小鼠结肠炎[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(18):2174-2185.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202506053.
FENG XIAOJIE,LEI YUANYUAN,FENG YUNXUAN,et al.Time-restricted feeding attenuates DSS-induced colitis in mice by modulating regenerating islet-derived protein 3 gamma and gut microbiota[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(18):2174-2185.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202506053.
冯小洁,雷媛媛,冯韵璇,等.限时进食通过影响再生胰岛衍生蛋白3γ与肠道菌群缓解小鼠结肠炎[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(18):2174-2185.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202506053. DOI:
FENG XIAOJIE,LEI YUANYUAN,FENG YUNXUAN,et al.Time-restricted feeding attenuates DSS-induced colitis in mice by modulating regenerating islet-derived protein 3 gamma and gut microbiota[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(18):2174-2185.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202506053. DOI:
目的
2
初步探究限时进食(time-restricted feeding, TRF)通过影响再生胰岛衍生蛋白3γ(regenerating islet-derived protein 3 gamma,Reg3γ)与肠道菌群缓解小鼠结肠炎的机制。
方法
2
将6周龄SPF级C57BL/6小鼠按体质量分层后随机分为(
n
=7):自由饮食(ad libitum feeding,AL)组与TRF组,分别给予全时段自由摄食和每天仅在00:00-08:00进食,持续4周;于第4周通过喂养2.5%葡聚糖硫酸钠(dextran sodium sulfate,DSS)溶液6 d诱导结肠炎。通过监测疾病活动指数(disease activity index,DAI)评分、结
肠长度、HE染色及病理评分并结合结肠组织中胰岛再生基因3γ(regenerating islet-derived 3 gamma,
Reg3g
)和炎症因子mRNA表达等指标,综合评估结肠炎严重程度及TRF的干预效果。另将6周龄C57BL/6小鼠按体质量分层后随机分为(
n
=7):AL+抗生素鸡尾酒(antibiotic cocktail,ABX)组与TRF+ABX组。ABX混合液用于耗竭肠道菌群,以评估TRF缓解结肠炎的菌群依赖性。收集AL与TRF组小鼠粪便样本进行16S rRNA测序(16S ribosomal RNA sequencing,16S rRNA-seq),检测血清中脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)水平;并采集其结肠上皮细胞进行RNA测序(RNA sequencing,RNA-seq)。
结果
2
DSS造模后,AL组小鼠表现出体质量下降、腹泻、血便等典型结肠炎症状。TRF干预可显著缓解上述表型,自造模第4天起DAI评分低于AL组(
P<
0.001),结肠缩短程度减轻(
P<
0.01),组织结构保持相对完整,炎症明显减轻。RT-qPCR分析显示,TRF组结肠组织中
Reg3g
及炎症因子(
IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α
)较AL组mRNA水平下调(
P<
0.05),抗炎因子
IL-10
上调(
P<
0.000 1)。ABX处理后,AL+ABX组与TRF+ABX组在DAI评分、结肠长度及病理评分等指标上均无显著差异;TRF+ABX组较AL+ABX组仅
Reg3g
下调(
P<
0.05),而
IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α
及
IL-10
差异无统计学意义。16S rRNA-seq分析结果表明,TRF显著重塑肠道菌群结构,革兰氏阳性菌丰度升高,革兰氏阴性菌显著减少,伴随血清LPS水平降低(
P
<
0.001)。RNA-seq进一步提示,TRF干预下活化B细胞核因子κ轻链增强子(nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells,NF-κB)等炎症相关信号通路富集显著受抑制。
结论
2
TRF通过下调Reg3γ表达、重塑肠道菌群结构并降低血清LPS水平,从而抑制NF-κB炎症信号通路,减轻DSS诱导的小鼠结肠炎。
Objective
2
To explore the underlying mechanisms by which time-restricted feeding (TRF) attenuates dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice
via
modulation of regenerating islet-derived protein 3 gamma
(Reg3γ) expression and gut microbiota.
Methods
2
Six-week-old C57BL/6 mice were stratified by body weight and randomized into ad libitum feeding (AL) and TRF groups (
n
=7). The AL mice were given unrestricted food access
whereas the TRF mice were allowed feeding only during 00:00 and 08:00 daily
for totally 4 weeks. Mouse colitis model was induced at the fourth week by adding 2.5% d
extran sodium sulfate (DSS) in drinking water for 6 d. Disease severity and the effects of TRF were assessed with disease activity index (DAI) scoring
colon length measurement
HE staining and histopathological scoring
and mRNA expression levels of regenerating islet-derived 3 gamma(
Reg3g
) and inflammatory cytokines in colonic tissues. Another 14 mice were randomized into AL plus antibiotic cocktail (AL+ABX) and TRF plus antibiotic cocktail (TRF+ABX) groups
with 7 animals in each group. ABX was administered to deplete gut microbiota and evaluate the microbiota dependence of TRF in attenuating colitis. Fecal samples from AL and TRF mice were analyzed by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing (16S rRNA-seq)
and serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) level was measured. The colonic epithelial cells were collected for RNA-seq.
Results
2
After modeling
the AL mice exhibited typical colitis symptoms
such as weight loss
diarrhea
and hematochezia. TRF intervention significantly attenuated these above symptoms
with lower DAI scores from day 4 post-modeling (
P<
0.001)
reduced colon shortening (
P<
0.01)
preserved tissue architecture
and decreased inflammation. RT-qPCR analysis showed that TRF down-regulated colonic mRNA expression levels of
Reg3g
and pro-inflammatory cytokines (
IL-1β
IL-6
TNF-α
) (
P<
0.05) while up-regulated that of anti-inflammatory factor
IL-10
(
P<
0.000 1) when compared with the corresponding levels in AL mice. ABX treatment led no significant differences between the AL+ABX and TRF+ABX groups in term of DAI score
colon length
or histopathology. Obviously down-regulated
Reg3g
was observed in the TRF+ABX group than the AL+ABX group (
P<
0.05)
whereas
L-1β
IL-6
TNF-α
and
IL-10
showed no notable changes. 16S rRNA-seq revealed that TRF markedly reshaped gut microbiota co
mposition
with increased Gram-positive bacterial abundance
reduced Gram-negative bacteria
with concomitant lower serum LPS level (
P<
0.001). RNA-seq also indicated significant suppression of NF-κB and other inflammation-related signaling pathways in the TRF group.
Conclusion
2
TRF attenuates DSS-induced colitis in mice by downr-egulating Reg3γ expression
reshaping gut microbiota
and reducing serum LPS level
and thereby suppressing NF-κB-mediated inflammatory signaling pathways.
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