1.陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第一附属医院神经内科,重庆
2.重庆市疾病预防控制中心,重庆
Received:10 June 2025,
Revised:2025-10-15,
Accepted:16 October 2025,
Published:30 October 2025
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蔡正伟,张晓鸽,高旸,等.急性前循环大血管闭塞性卒中患者血管内治疗后发生卒中相关性肺炎的危险因素分析[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(20):2506-2511.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202506028.
CAI Z W,ZHANG X G,GAO Y,et al.Risk factors for stroke-associated pneumonia after mechanical thrombectomy in acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke patients[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(20):2506-2511.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202506028.
蔡正伟,张晓鸽,高旸,等.急性前循环大血管闭塞性卒中患者血管内治疗后发生卒中相关性肺炎的危险因素分析[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(20):2506-2511.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202506028. DOI:
CAI Z W,ZHANG X G,GAO Y,et al.Risk factors for stroke-associated pneumonia after mechanical thrombectomy in acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke patients[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(20):2506-2511.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202506028. DOI:
目的
2
探究急性缺血性卒中(acute ischemic stroke, AIS)患者经血管内治疗(endovascular treatment, EVT)后发生卒中相关性肺炎(stroke-associated pneumonia, SAP)的影响因素。
方法
2
回顾性病例对照分析2017年1月至2021年4月在陆军军医大学第一附属医院神经内科与自贡市第三人民医院神经内科共426例急性前循环大血管闭塞性脑卒中患者的所有资料。根据是否发生SAP将患者分为两组。收集2组患者的人口学信息(性别和年龄)、卒中的病因学TOAST分型(大动脉粥样硬化型、心源性栓塞型、其他)、血管危险因素(高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病、心房颤动、吸烟、既往卒中史、吸烟)、发病后其他临床资料[吞咽困难、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、白细胞、中性粒细胞、基线NIHSS评分、术后NIHSS评分、血管内操作结果(mTICI分级2b级或3级)、90 d良好预后(mRS 0~1分)等指标],并进行组间比较。将单因素分析中
P
<
0.1的参数作为自变量,进一步对AIS患者经EVT治疗后发生SAP的影响因素行多因素Logistic回归分析。
结果
2
共纳入426例AIS患者,其中SAP患者194例(45.5%)。在纳入的所有患者中,多因素Logistic回归分析显示,入院白细胞计数(
OR
=1.125, 95%
CI
:1.043~1.213,
P
=0.000 2)、术后NIHSS(
OR
=1.019, 95%
CI
:1.001~1.037,
P
=0.041)、男性(
OR
=1.687, 95%
CI
:1.078~2.638,
P
=0.022)与急性缺血性卒中患者EVT治疗后发生SAP 有关。
结论
2
入院白细胞计数较高、术后NIHSS评分较高、男性为AIS患者EVT治疗发生SAP的危险因素, 应重点关注。
Objective
2
To investigate the influencing factors for stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients after endovascular treatment (EVT).
Methods
2
A retrospective case-control trial was conducted on 426 AIS patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) in anterior circulation admitted in the neurological departments from First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University and Zigong Third People’s Hospital during January 2017 and April 2021. Based on SAP occurrence or not
they were divided into an SAP group and a non-SAP group. Demographic information (gender and age)
TOAST stroke subtypes (large artery atherosclerosis type
cardiac embolism type
others)
vascular risk factors (hypertension
hyperlipidemia
diabetes
atrial fibrillation
smoking
prior stroke history
smoking)
and post-onset clinical data [dysphagia
LDL cholesterol
white blood cells
neutrophils
baseline and postoperative NIHSS scores
endovascular outcomes (mTICI grade 2b or 3)
90-day good prognosis (mRS 0-1)
]
were collected and compared between the 2 groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed using the parameters with
P
<
0.1 in univariate analysis as independent variables to investigate factors influencing SAP occurrence after EVT in AIS patients.
Results
2
Among the 426 participants
SAP occurred in 194 cases (45.5%). Multivariate log
istic regression analysis revealed that admission white blood cell count (
OR
=1.125
95%
CI
: 1.043~1.213
P
=0.000 2)
postoperative NIHSS score (
OR
=1.019
95%
CI
:1.001~1.037
P
=0.041)
and male (
OR
=1.687
95%
CI
:1.078~2.638
P
=0.022) were associated with SAP occurrence after EVT in AIS patients.
Conclusion
2
Higher admission white blood cell count
elevated postoperative NIHSS score
and male gender are risk factors for SAP in AIS patients after EVT. These risk factors should be focused on clinical practice to control SAP incidence.
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