1.重庆大学医学院,重庆
2.陆军特色医学中心(第三军医大学大坪医院)消化内科,消化系统肿瘤精准防治重庆市重点实验,重庆
3.西南大学药学院,重庆
4.金凤实验室,重庆
5.重庆市中医院肿瘤科,重庆
Received:14 February 2025,
Revised:31 March 2025,
Published:15 June 2025
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谭玉婷,吴林育,潘雨薇,等.弥漫型胃癌的增强子重塑特征及其上调GDF15表达促进恶病质的作用研究[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(11):1165-1176.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202502039.
TAN Y T,WU L Y,PAN Y W,et al.Enhancer remodeling characteristics in diffuse-type gastric cancer and the role in upregulating GDF15 expression and promoting cancer cachexia[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(11):1165-1176.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202502039.
谭玉婷,吴林育,潘雨薇,等.弥漫型胃癌的增强子重塑特征及其上调GDF15表达促进恶病质的作用研究[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(11):1165-1176.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202502039. DOI:
TAN Y T,WU L Y,PAN Y W,et al.Enhancer remodeling characteristics in diffuse-type gastric cancer and the role in upregulating GDF15 expression and promoting cancer cachexia[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(11):1165-1176.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202502039. DOI:
目的
2
绘制弥漫型胃癌(diffuse-type gastric cancer, DGC)组织的H3K27ac标记的活性增强子图谱,揭示增强子调控DGC相关恶病质的表观遗传机制。
方法
2
收集2022年1月至2023年3月来自陆军特色医学中心消化内科的10例正常胃黏膜组织(Normal组)、10例来自并发恶病质的弥漫型胃癌组织(DGC组)以及10例弥漫型胃癌类器官(Organoid组),并进行H3K27ac染色质靶向捕获(cleavage under targets and tagmentation,CUT
&
Tag)技术捕获基因组H3K27ac修饰区域,筛选DGC组织特
异性增强子以及潜在调控的恶病质相关靶基因。通过CRISPR-dCas9基因编辑技术干预增强子, Western blot检验以及定量反转录PCR(quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, qRT-PCR)验证靶基因表达。采用16只6~8周龄雌性SPF级BALB/c Nude野生型小鼠(体质量18~21 g),并构建人源弥漫型胃癌MKN45细胞系裸鼠原位移植瘤模型,检测正常组(
n
=4)、沉默组(
n
=6)和对照组(
n
=6)小鼠的恶病质相关表型。
结果
2
DGC组与Normal组的H3K27ac信号在全基因组水平存在明显差异,前者的增强子数量(
P
<
0.05)和信号强度均显著升高。整合分析转录组数据发现,特定活性增强子区域可能促进恶病质相关靶基因
GDF15
表达。利用CRISPR/dCas9-KRAB载体质粒技术沉默
GDF15
基因的活性增强子,显著下调GDF15 mRNA(
P
<
0.05)和蛋白水平;以此细胞进行弥漫型胃癌原位移植瘤实验的结果表明,沉默
GDF15
基因相关活性增强子延缓荷瘤小鼠的恶病质表型(
P
<
0.05)。
结论
2
弥漫型胃癌发生了组蛋白H3K27ac增强子重塑,特别是调控下游关键基因
GDF15
表达,从而促进恶病质发生发展。
Objective To identify the enhancer landscape marked by histone H3K27ac modifications in diffuse-type gastric cancer (DGC) tissues
and to elucidate the epigenetic remodeling mechanisms by which active enhancers regulate cachexia-related genes. Methods Gastric mucosal tissue samples were collected from Department of Gastroenterology of Army Medical Center of PLA during January 2022 to March 2023
including 10 normal gastric mucosa tissues (Normal group)
10 DGC tissues diagnosed with cachexia (DGC group)
and 10 organoids derived from DGC tissues (Organoid group). Using H3K27ac chromatin targeting cleavage and tagmentation (CUT
&
Tag) technology
genomic modification regions were captured to screen specific active enhancers and their potential target genes in DGC tissues. CRISPR-dCas9 gene editing technology was used to intervene with the enhancers
and the expression of target genes was detected with Western blotting and qRT-PCR. Sixteen female SPF-grade BALB/c Nude mice (6~8 weeks old
weighing 18~21 g) were utilized to establish an orthotopic xenograft tumor model using the human diffuse-type gastric cancer cell line MKN45. Cachexia-related
phenotypes were evaluated in 3 groups: normal group (
n
=4)
silencing group (
n
=6)
and control group (
n
=6). Results Significant differential enhancer regions were identified between DGC and normal gastric mucosa tissues. DGC tissues exhibited a marked increase in enhancer abundance (
P
<
0.05) and signal intensity when compared with the normal counterparts. Integrated analysis of transcriptome data revealed that some of these active enhancers up-regulated the expression of
GDF15
a cachexia-associated target gene in DGC. Targeted silencing of the active enhancer of
GDF15
using CRISPR/dCas9-KRAB plasmid technology resulted in a significant reduction in GDF15 expression at both mRNA levels (
P
<
0.05) and protein. Results from orthotopic transplantation experiments of DGC demonstrated that silencing of active enhancers alleviated the cachexia phenotype in nude mice (
P
<
0.05). Conclusion DGC exhibits enhancer remodeling
which regulates the expression of the cachexia-associated gene
GDF15
and thereby contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of cancer cachexia.
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