陆军特色医学中心(第三军医大学大坪医院)消化内科,消化系统肿瘤精准防治重庆市重点实验室,重庆
Received:05 January 2025,
Revised:11 February 2025,
Published:15 March 2025
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王斌,王涛.胃癌的科学预防、早期诊断与精准治疗[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(05):385-395.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202501072.
WANG B,WANG T.Effective prevention, early diagnosis and precise treatment of gastric cancer[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(05):385-395.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202501072.
我国胃癌防治工作面临发病率高、疾病负担重、防控体系待完善等多重挑战,构建“预防-诊断-治疗”三位一体的精准防控体系已成为当务之急。在疾病预防维度,基于循证医学的幽门螺旋杆菌根除治疗展现出显著优势;高危肠上皮化生的内镜诊断新技术已启动临床转化,可精准识别高危肠上皮化生等癌前病变。诊断技术创新方面,新近报道的内镜分子成像和液体活检等早期胃癌筛查新技术能显著提升检出率。治疗策略优化层面,免疫、靶向和放疗等综合治疗以及基于分子分型的个性化治疗新策略,为不同分子亚型的胃癌患者带来临床获益。当前,高通量多组学测序与人工智能技术紧密融合;未来,这些新兴技术有望加快解决胃癌防控领域的诸多关键科学问题,促进基础与临床研究的跨越式发展,推动我国胃癌防治从经验医学、循证医学向精准医学的范式转变,最终实现发病率和病死率“双下降”的“健康中国”宏伟目标。
The prevention and treatment of gastric cancer in China confront multifaceted challenges
including high incidence rates
substantial disease burden and suboptimal management system.Establishing a precision gastric cancer control infrastructure with integrated “prevention
diagnosis and treatment” strategies has become an urgent public health priority. In terms of disease prevention
evidence-based eradication therapy of
Helicobacter pylori
has demonstrated remarkable clinical advances. Novel endoscopic diagnostic technologies for precancerous lesions are under clinical translation
which accurately identify conditions such as high-risk intestinal metaplasia. Regarding innovative diagnostic technologies
cutting-edge endoscopic molecular imaging and liquid biopsy can significantly increase early detection rates of gastric cancer. In regard to treatment modalities
comprehensive clinical benefits have been achieved
largely through advances in immunotherapy
targeted therapy
radiotherapy
as well as treatment personalization based on cancer molecular subtyping. Moreover
high-throughput multi-omics sequencing is currently integrated with artificial intelligence technology. These pioneering technologies are projected to expedite resolution of pivotal scientific challenges in gastric cancer management
catalyzing transformative progress across basic-clinical research domains
driving China’s gastric cancer control paradigm shift from empirical medicine to precision frameworks
ultimately achieving the public health dual-go
al of incidence and mortality rates in the near future.
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