1.陆军军医大学(第三军医大学):军事预防医学系复合伤研究所
2.陆军军医大学(第三军医大学):创伤与化学中毒全国重点实验室,重庆
WANG Junping, E-mail: wangjunping@tmmu.edu.cn
Received:13 December 2024,
Revised:27 February 2025,
Published:30 March 2025
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熊太农,李陈文娅,陈 银,等.血小板膜修饰过氧化氢酶/二氧化硅纳米粒有效抑制机体辐射感染[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(06):602-612.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202412071.
XIONG T N,LI C W Y,CHEN Y,et al.Platelet membrane-modified catalase/silica nanoparticles effectively inhibits radiation infection[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(06):602-612.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202412071.
熊太农,李陈文娅,陈 银,等.血小板膜修饰过氧化氢酶/二氧化硅纳米粒有效抑制机体辐射感染[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(06):602-612.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202412071. DOI:
XIONG T N,LI C W Y,CHEN Y,et al.Platelet membrane-modified catalase/silica nanoparticles effectively inhibits radiation infection[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(06):602-612.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202412071. DOI:
目的
2
通过制备能够靶向白细胞的血小板膜修饰过氧化氢酶/二氧化硅纳米粒(platelet membrane modified catalase/silica nanoparticles,PCNP),为辐射感染并发症的防治提供有效策略。
方法
2
利用血小板膜、过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)以及二氧化硅制备PCNP以及过氧化氢酶/二氧化硅纳米粒(catalase/silica nanoparticles,CNP),并通过细胞存活实验、溶血实验以及小鼠尾静脉给药后急性毒性实验初步评估PCNP生物安全性;培养基、FITC标记的PCNP(FITC
+
PCNP)及FITC标记的CNP(FITC
+
CNP)分别与人外周血B淋巴细胞(AHH-1)和小鼠单核巨噬细胞(RAW264.7)共孵育,分为对照组、FITC
+
PCNP组及FITC
+
CNP组,利用激光共聚焦观察细胞内荧光强度来评价PCNP的白细胞靶向功能;将AHH-1分为对照组、辐照组、血小板膜组、CNP(100 μg/mL)组和PCNP(100 μg/mL)组,与培养基、培养基、血小板膜混悬液、CNP或PCNP溶液共孵育后进行6 Gy Co
60
γ射线辐照,通过检测羟自由基等活性氧自由基(reactive oxygen
species,ROS)水平及细胞凋亡情况评估纳米粒体外减轻白细胞放射损伤的作用;20只C57BL/6雄性小鼠(体质量18~20 g)简单随机抽样分为(
n
=10):辐照组与10 mg/kg PCNP组,小鼠尾静脉注射生理盐水或PCNP后2 h时进行5 Gy Co
60
γ射线全身辐照,辐照后2 h时再腹腔注射多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌(multidrug-resistant
Acinetobacter baumannii
, MDR-
AB
),通过检测主要脏器细菌载量评估纳米药物抑制辐照后感染效应。
结果
2
PCNP水合粒径为91.3 nm,其在低于400 µg/mL的浓度下未表现出明显的细胞毒性及溶血毒性;小鼠尾静脉注射PCNP(20 mg/kg)后体质量正常增长,心、肝、脾、肺、肾等主要脏器组织未出现病理改变;在AHH-1和RAW264.7细胞中,与FITC
+
CNP组相比,PCNP的靶向性都具有显著优势[(15.45±3.48)%
vs
(9.33±2.03)%,
P
<
0.01;(11.25±2.08)%
vs
(7.06±0.71)%,
P
<
0.001];细胞防护能力检测实验中,与辐照组相比,PCNP能有效降低AHH-1细胞ROS水平[(22.73±3.71)%
vs
(60.90±9.08)%,
P
<
0.001]及凋亡率[(9.84±0.92)%
vs
(38.96±3.62)%,
P
<
0.001];小鼠辐照后细菌定植实验表明PCNP干预的小鼠脾脏MDR-AB定植数量显著少于辐照组[(17.50±1.38)×10
4
vs
(13.20±2.29)×10
6
CFU/g,
P
<
0.001]。
结论
2
PCNP能有效抑制机体辐射感染并发症,其对白细胞的直接保护作用可能是抗感染作用的主要机制。
Objective To provide an effective strategy for the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced infections by preparing platelet membrane-modified catalase/silica nanoparticles (PCNP) capable of targeting leukocytes. Methods PCNP and catalase/silica nanoparticles (CNP) were prepared by using platelet membrane
catalase (CAT) and silica
and its biological safety was preliminarily evaluated with cell survival test
hemolysis test and acute toxicity test in mice after tail vein administration; The culture medium
FITC labeled (FITC
+
) PCNP and FITC labeled (FITC
+
) CNP were co-incubated with human peripheral blood B lymphocytes (AHH-1) and mouse monocyte macrophages (RAW264.7)
respectively. Thus
there were control group
FITC
+
PCNP group and FITC
+
CNP group of AHH-1 and RAW264.7 cells. Laser confocal microscopy was used
to observe the intracellular fluorescence intensity of PCNP to evaluate the leukocytes targeting function. AHH-1 cells were divided into control
irradiation
platelet membrane
CNP (100 μg/mL) and PCNP (100 μg/mL) groups. After corresponding co-incubation
the cell media were exposed to6 Gy Co
60
γ irradiation. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell apoptosis were measured to determine the effect of nanoparticles on reducing radiation injury of leukocytes. Twenty C57BL/6 male mice (weighing 18~20 g) were randomly divided into irradiation group (
n
=10) and 10 mg/kg PCNP group (
n
=10). In 2 h after corresponding agents were injected into the mice through tail vein
the mice received whole-body irradiation of 5 Gy Co
60
γ ray
and then in 2 h later
they were given intraperitoneal injection of multidrug resistant
Acinetobacter
baumannii
(MDR-
AB
). The infection inhibitory effect of PCNP after irradiation was evaluated by detecting the bacterial load in main organs. Results The hydration particle of PCNP is 91.3 nm in size
and does not exhibit significant cytotoxicity or hemolytic toxicity at concentrations
<
400 µg/mL. Intravenous injection of 20 mg/kg PCNP resulted in normal increase in the body weight but no obvious pathological changes in the major organs such as the heart
liver
spleen
lungs
and kidneys. In AHH-1 and RAW264.7 cells
PCNP showed significant advantages in targeting compared to the FITC
+
CNP group [(15.45±3.48)%
vs
(9.33±2.03)%
P
<
0.01; (11.25±2.08)%
vs
(7.06±0.71)%
P
<
0.001
]
. PCNP also effectively reduced the generation of ROS [(22.73±3.71)%
vs
(60.90±9.08)%
P
<
0.001
]
and apoptotic rate [(9.84±0.92)%
vs
(38.96±3.62)%
P
<
0.001
]
in AHH-1 cells. In
in vitro
study
bacterial colonization after irradia
tion showed that there was significantly less MDR-AB colonies in the spleen of mice intervened with PCNP than those of the irradiation group [(17.50±1.38)×10
4
vs
(13.20±2.29)×10
6
CFU/g
P
<
0.001
]
. Conclusion PCNP can effectively inhibit the complications of radiation infection in mice
which is due to its direct protective effect on leukocytes.
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