1.川北医学院基础医学与法医学院病理生理学教研室,四川南充
2.陆军特色医学中心(第三军医大学大坪医院)输血医学科,创伤与化学中毒全国重点实验室,重庆
CHEN Wei, E-mail: chengwei197959@163.com; WEN Aiqing, E-mail: wenaiqing@tmmu.edu.cn
Received:10 December 2024,
Revised:14 February 2025,
Published:30 March 2025
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夏文军,卢尧,吴煌,等.m6A去甲基化酶FTO调控BCL2 mRNA稳定性与翻译效率促进血小板前体形成[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(06):519-530.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202412047.
XIA W J, LU Y, WU H, et al.m6A demethylase FTO rgulates BCL2 mRNA stability and translation efficiency to promote proplatelet formation[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(06):519-530.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202412047.
夏文军,卢尧,吴煌,等.m6A去甲基化酶FTO调控BCL2 mRNA稳定性与翻译效率促进血小板前体形成[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(06):519-530.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202412047. DOI:
XIA W J, LU Y, WU H, et al.m6A demethylase FTO rgulates BCL2 mRNA stability and translation efficiency to promote proplatelet formation[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(06):519-530.DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202412047. DOI:
目的
2
探究下调m
6
A去甲基化酶脂肪质量和肥胖相关基因(fat mass and obesity-associated protein ,
FTO
)对MEG-01巨核细胞系血小板前体形成的影响及其机制。
方法
2
①分别用1 nmol/L 佛波迷酯(phorbol myristate acetate,PMA)组(诱导组)和DMSO组(对照组)处理MEG-01细胞 72 h,通过Western blot和RT-qPCR检测FTO蛋白和mRNA表达变化情况。②用靶向
FTO
的病毒液(sh-FTO)和阴性对照病毒液(sh-NC)感染MEG-01细胞,用1 nmol/L PMA诱导sh-NC组和sh-FTO组MEG-01细胞72 h后,Western blot和RT-qPCR检测FTO蛋白和mRNA表达变化情况。碘化丙啶(propidium lodrde, PI)DNA染色检测细胞周期、CCK-8检测细胞活力,Annexin V-F
ITC/PI双染、TUNEL染色检测细胞凋亡情况,Western blot检测cleaved Caspase-3蛋白表达量,CD41/CD61染色检测巨核细胞成熟情况,明场观察和CD61免疫荧光检测血小板前体形成情况,RT-qPCR检测细胞凋亡相关分子(
Caspase
-
3
、
BAD
、
BAK1
、
BCL2
、
MCL1
)表达量,Western blot检测进一步验证BCL2蛋白变化情况,基因表达综合数据库(gene expression omnibus,GEO)中筛选出数据集;使用加州大学圣克鲁兹分校基因组浏览器(University of California, Santa Cruz genome browser,UCSC)分析比对BCL2 mRNA上的甲基化测序峰;m
6
A甲基化RNA免疫共沉淀(m
6
A RNA immunoprecipitation, m
6
A-RIP)验证MEG-01巨核细胞BCL2 mRNA m
6
A甲基化富集水平,检测sh-NC组和sh-FTO组BCL2 mRNA m
6
A甲基化富集水平变化,以mRNA 半衰期实验和多聚核糖体分离实验检测BCL2 mRNA翻译效率。
结果
2
①与DMSO组相比,PMA 组FTO蛋白(
P
<
0.05)和 mRNA(
P
<
0.01)表达水平升高;②与sh-NC组相比,sh-FTO组 FTO mRNA和蛋白表达水平明显降低(
P
<
0.01),细胞周期发生G1/S期阻滞[(60.80±1.29)%
vs
(72.13±1.18)%,
P
<
0.01],细胞活力明显降低[(1.17±0.03)%
vs
(0.69±0.05)%,
P
<
0.05],Annexin V-FITC/PI阳性细胞占比升高[(12.87±0.83)%
vs
(17.45±1.58)%,
P
<
0.01],TUNEL 阳性细胞占比显著升高[(1.03±0.27)%
vs
(17.49±9.91)%,
P
<
0.01],cleaved Caspase-3蛋白表达水平明显升高(
P
<
0.01),CD41
+
CD61
+
阳性率明显降低[(51.63±1.13)%
vs
(34.08±0.53)%,
P
<
0.01],具有伪足的巨核细胞比率明显降低[(26.49±6.73)%
vs
(13.31±5.97)%,
P
<
0.01]。③与sh-NC相比,sh-FTO组细胞抗凋亡分子BCL2蛋白和mRNA表达水平显著降低(
P
<
0.01),UCSC GEO测序显示BCL2 mRNA上有m
6
A甲基化修饰位点,并经m
6
A-RIP实验在MEG-01巨核细胞验证:与GAPDH mRNA相比,BCL2 mRNA有明显的m
6
A富集信号(
P
<
0.01);与sh-NC相比, BCL2 mRNA上的m
6
A甲基化修饰明显升高(
P
<
0.01);BCL2 mRNA的稳定性显著降低,翻译效率显著降低(
P
<
0.01)。
结论
2
m6A去甲基化酶FTO调控BCL2 mRNA稳定性与翻译效率,促进血小板前体形成。
Objective To investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of
down-regulating m
6
A demethylase fat mass and obesity-associated protein (
FTO
) on proplatelet formation in the MEG-01 megakaryocytic cells. Methods ①MEG-01 cells were treated with 1 nmol/L phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) (treatment group) or DMSO (control group) for 72 h. FTO expression was measured by Western blotting and RT-qPCR. ② MEG-01 cells were infected with targeted FTO shRNA (knockdown group
sh-FTO) or negative control shRNA (negative control group
sh-NC) viruses. FTO knockdown group and negative control group MEG-1 cells were treated with 1 nmol/L PMA for 72 h
and the protein and mRNA expression levels of FTO were detected by Western blotting and RT-qPCR. Cell cycle
viability and apoptosis were assessed by propidium iodide (PI) DNA staining
CCK-8 assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining and TUNEL staining. The expression of cleaved Caspase-3 protein was determine by Western blotting. Megakaryocyte maturation was assessed by CD41/CD61 staining. Proplatelet formation was observed under bright field and detected by CD61 immunofluorescence assay. The expression of apoptosis-related molecules (
Caspase3
BAD
BAK1
BCL2
and
MCL1
) was detected by RT-qPCR
and the protein change of BCL2 was further verified by Western blotting. The dataset was screened out from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database
and then analyzed with University of California
Santa Cruz (UCSC) genome browser to compare the methylation sequencing peaks on BCL2 mRNA
and m
6
A methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (m
6
A-RIP) was used to assess the m
6
A methylation levels of BCL2 target gene mRNAs in MEG-01 megakaryocytes. Then
the changes in the m
6
A methylation enrichment level of BCL2 mRNA were observed between the sh-NC group and the sh-FTO group. mRNA stability and ribosome profiling assays were performed to assess translational efficiency of target genes. Results ①PMA treatment upregulated the expression of FTO at protein (
P
<
0.05) and mRNA (
P
<
0.01) levels. ② FTO shRNA resulted in reduced FTO expression at both mRNA and protein levels (
P
<
0.01). Compared to the negative control group
the FTO knockdown group showed more cells arrested at the G1/S phase [(60.80±1.29)%
vs
(72.13±1.18)%
P
<
0.01
]
significantly reduced cell viability [(1.17±0.03)%
vs
(0.69±0.05)%
P
<
0.01
]
increased Annexin V-FITC/PI positive cells [(12.87±0.83)%
vs
(17.45±1.58)%
P
<
0.01
]
more TUNEL positive cells [(1.03±0.27)%
vs
(17.49±9.91)%
P
<
0.01
]
enhanced protein level of cleaved Caspase-3 (
P
<
0.01)
decreased proportion of CD41/CD61 positive cells [(51.63±1.13)%
vs
(34.08±0.53)%
P
<
0.01
]
and less proplatelet formation in MEG-01 megakaryocytes [(26.49±6.73)%
vs
(13.31±5.97)%
P
<
0.01
]
. ③Compared to sh-NC group
the FTO knockdown group had significantly decreased protein and mRNA expression of anti-apoptotic molecule BCL2 (
P
<
0.01). UCSC GEO sequencing data revealed there were m
6
A methylation modification sites on BCL2 mRNA
which was verified through m
6
A-RIP experiment in MEG-01 megakaryocytes. Compared with GAPDH mRNA
BCL2 mRNA exhibited a significantly enriched m
6
A signal (
P
<
0.01). Compared to sh-NC group
a significant increase in m
6
A methylation modification was observed on BCL2 mRNA. BCL2 mRNA stability was significantly decreased
and its translation efficiency significantly was decreased
(
P
<
0.01). Conclusion m
6
A demethylase
FTO
rgulates BCL2 mRNA stability and translation efficiency,thereby promoting proplatelet formation in MEG-01 megakaryocytes.
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