陆军军医大学(第三军医大学):军事预防医学系防原医学教研室,全军复合伤研究所,创伤与化学中毒全国重点实验室,重庆
WANG Junping, E-mail: wangjunping@tmmu.edu.com
Received:06 November 2024,
Revised:07 March 2025,
Published:15 April 2025
移动端阅览
杨欣海,陈芳,全勇,等.低氧联合辐照对小鼠骨髓造血细胞的影响作用研究[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(07):681-690.
YANG Xinhai,CHEN Fang,QUAN Yong,et al.Effects of combined hypoxia and irradiation on mouse bone marrow hematopoietic cells[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(07):681-690.
杨欣海,陈芳,全勇,等.低氧联合辐照对小鼠骨髓造血细胞的影响作用研究[J].陆军军医大学学报,2025,47(07):681-690. DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202411032.
YANG Xinhai,CHEN Fang,QUAN Yong,et al.Effects of combined hypoxia and irradiation on mouse bone marrow hematopoietic cells[J].J Army Med Univ,2025,47(07):681-690. DOI:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202411032.
目的
2
探究高原低氧环境联合辐照损伤对小鼠骨髓造血细胞的影响。
方法
2
165只C57BL/6雄性小鼠(10~12周,体质量20~25 g)按随机数字表法进行分组:正常对照组(Control组,
n
=33)、6 Gy单纯辐照组(6 Gy组,
n
=43)、6 Gy低氧辐照组(Hy-7 d+6 Gy组,
n
=43),7 Gy单纯辐照组(7 Gy组,
n
=12)、7 Gy低氧辐照组(Hy-7 d+7 Gy组,
n
=12)、7 Gy持续低氧治疗组(Hy-7 d+7 Gy+Hy组,
n
=12)、6 Gy持续低氧治疗组(Hy-7 d+6 Gy+Hy,
n
=10);Hy-7 d+6 Gy组、Hy-7 d+7 Gy组、Hy-7 d+7 Gy+Hy组、Hy-7 d+6 Gy+Hy组于常压低氧舱内进行7 d预处理(氧浓度12%),其余组小鼠在正常氧环境中饲养;6 Gy、Hy-7 d+6 Gy组、Hy-7 d+6 Gy+Hy组小鼠在低氧预处理结束后进行
60
CO γ射线全身一次性辐照6 Gy;7 Gy、Hy-7 d+7 Gy组、Hy-7 d+7 Gy+Hy组小鼠在低氧预处理结束后进行
60
CO γ射线全身一次性辐照7 Gy;Control组、6 Gy组、7 Gy组小鼠全程正常氧环境饲养,Hy-7 d+7 Gy组、Hy-7 d+6 Gy组小鼠辐照损伤后继续低氧饲养24 h后恢复正常氧环境饲养,Hy-7 d+7 Gy+Hy组、Hy-7 d+6 Gy+Hy组小鼠辐照后持续低氧环境饲养。Control、6 Gy、Hy-7 d+6 Gy组小鼠制备骨髓细胞悬液,采用全自动细胞计数仪计数小鼠骨髓有核细胞数量,采用HE染色观察小鼠骨髓腔病理形态改变,采用流式细胞术检测造血干/祖细胞(Lin
-
Sca1
+
c-Kit
+
,LSK)、髓系祖细胞(myeloid progenitor,MP)以及成熟T/B髓系细胞数量;7 Gy、Hy-7 d+7 Gy、Hy-7 d+7 Gy+Hy组小鼠从低氧预处理后开始持续监测30 d的生存率;6 Gy、Hy-7 d+6 Gy、Hy-7 d+6 Gy+Hy组小鼠采取尾血,使用全自动血液分析仪检测红细胞(red blood cell,RBC)、白细胞(white blood cell,WBC)、血红蛋白(hemoglobin,HGB)、血小板(platelet,PLT)等的动态变化;Control、6 Gy、Hy-7 d+6 Gy组小鼠于辐照后17 d处死后获取骨髓细胞悬液并进行单细胞测序及分析。
结果
2
①与Control组相比,6 Gy组小鼠辐照后全骨髓有核细胞数量显著减少(
P
<
0.01),HE染色显示骨髓血窦扩张明显、红细胞溢出;与6 Gy组比较,Hy-7 d+6 Gy组小鼠骨髓腔内细胞密度增加,有核细胞数减少程度明显减轻(
P
<
0.01);②流式细胞术检测结果显示与Control组比较,6 Gy组骨髓LSK、MP与成熟T/B/髓系细胞数量均显著降低(
P
<
0.05);与6 Gy组比较,Hy-7 d+6 Gy组单纯辐照造成的LSK、MP的数量减少能得到显著抑制(
P
<
0.01);③与7 Gy组相比,Hy-7 d+7 Gy组经过低氧辐照后24 h复常氧治疗显著提高了小鼠生存率(
P
<
0.01);与7 Gy组相比,Hy-7 d+7 Gy+Hy组小鼠经持续低氧治疗未能显著改善小鼠生存率;Hy-7 d+7 Gy组与Hy-7 d+7 Gy+Hy组之间的生存率差异虽未达到统计学显著性(
P
=0.12),但在整个观察周期内Hy-7 d+7 Gy组始终表现出存活数量优势;④血常规检测结果显示,Hy-7 d+6 Gy组小鼠较6 Gy组和Hy-7 d+6 Gy+Hy组WBC水平得到更快的恢复(
P
<
0.05);经低氧预处理后,Hy-7 d+6 Gy组和Hy-7 d+6 Gy+Hy组辐照前RBC及HGB水平更高;而相比于6 Gy组及Hy-7 d+6 Gy+Hy组,Hy-7 d+6 Gy组PLT恢复更显著且迅速(
P
<
0.05);⑤通过单细胞转录组数据分析进行细胞亚群比例推测,相比于6 Gy组Hy-7 d+6 Gy组小鼠长期造血干细胞(long-term hematopoietic stem cell, LT-HSC)、短期造血干细胞(short-term hematopoi
etic stem cell, ST-HSC)数量减少得到抑制,与流式细胞术结果一致;拟时序分析显示,Hy-7 d+6 Gy组小鼠数据与Control组相似,表现出分化程度低且自我更新能力强的LSK较多;差异基因分析及KEGG通路富集表明,6 Gy组氧化磷酸化通路活跃度显著高于其他组,而Hy-7 d+6 Gy组则富集于染色质重塑和mRNA监视等通路。
结论
2
低氧预处理可减轻小鼠骨髓造血细胞放射损伤,辐照后恢复常氧治疗有助于急性放射损伤小鼠的骨髓造血功能重建。
Objective To determine the effects of hypoxia pre-treatment combined with radiation damage on the hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow of mice. Methods A total of 165 male C57BL/6 mice (10~12 weeks old
weighing 20~25 g) were randomly divided into 7 groups: normal control (Control
n
=33)
6 Gy irradiation (6-Gy
n
=43)
7 d hypoxia-6 Gy irradiation (Hy-7 d+6 Gy
n
=43)
7 Gy irradiation (7 Gy
n
=12)
7 d hypoxia-7 Gy irradiation (Hy-7 d+7 Gy
n
=12)
7 Gy continuous hypoxia treatment (Hy-7 d+7 Gy+Hy
n
=12)
and 6 Gy continuous hypoxia treatment (Hy-7 d+6 Gy+Hy
n
=10). The mice of the hypoxia treatment groups were given 7-day hypoxic pretreatment (12% oxygen) in a normobaric hypoxic chamber
while those of the other groups were housed in normoxic condition. After pretreatment
the mice of the irradiation groups were exposed to a single 6 or 7 Gy of whole-body
60
Co γ-irradiation in normoxia. The mice of the hypoxia and irradiation groups were kept in hypoxic condition in 24 h post-irradiation followed by being resumed to normoxia
while those of the continuous hypoxia treatment groups were remained in hypoxia. After bone marrow cell suspensions were prepared from the Control
6 Gy
and Hy-7 d+6 Gy groups
bone marrow nucleated cells (BMNCs) were counted
via
automated cell counter. HE staining was employed to observe pathologic changes in medullary cavity
and flow cytometry was used to assess Lin
-
Sca1⁺c-Kit⁺ (LSK) hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells
myeloid progenitors (MPs)
and mature T/B/myeloid cells. The mice of th
e 7 Gy
Hy-7 d+7 Gy
and Hy-7 d+7 Gy+Hy groups were monitored for 30-day survival after hypoxic pretreatment. The dynamic changes in the counts of red blood cells (RBC)
white blood cells (WBC) and platelets (PLT)
and hemoglobin (HGB) level were observed in the 6 Gy
Hy-7 d+6 Gy
and Hy-7 d+6 Gy+Hy groups with aid of a fully automatic blood analyzer. Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on bone marrow cell suspension derived from the mice euthanized in 17 d after irradiation from the Control
6 Gy
and Hy-7 d+6 Gy groups. Results ①Compared to the Control group
the 6 Gy group showed significantly reduced BMNCs (
P
<
0.01)
dilated bone marrow sinusoids
and erythrocyte extravasation. The Hy-7 d+6 Gy group exhibited higher cellular density and attenuated BMNC loss than the 6 Gy group (
P
<
0.01). ②Flow cytometry revealed less LSK
MP
and mature T/B/myeloid cells in the 6 Gy group than the Control group (
P
<
0.05)
and the reduced counts of LSK and MP were mitigated in the Hy-7 d+6 Gy group (P
<
0.01). ③The Hy-7 d+7 Gy group demonstrated improved 30-day survival than the 7 Gy group (
P
<
0.01)
while continuous hypoxia (Hy-7 d+7 Gy+Hy) failed to enhance the survival. No statistical difference was seen in the survival rate between the 2 groups (P=0.12)
though the Hy-7 d+7 Gy group showing higher survival rate. ④Routine blood test revealed that the Hy-7 d+6 Gy group showed faster WBC recovery (
vs
the 6 Gy and Hy-7 d+6 Gy+Hy groups
P
<
0.05)
higher pre-irradiation RBC/HGB levels
and accelerated PLT restoration (
P
<
0.05). ⑤Single-cell RNA sequencing indicated that hypoxia pretreatment suppressed the numbers of long-term hematopoietic stem cells/short-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSC/ST-HSC) depletion in the Hy-7 d+6 Gy group when compared with the 6 Gy group
which was consistent with the results of flow cytometry. Pseudotime trajectory aligned the Hy-7 d+6 Gy group
as the Contro
l group
showed enriched undifferentiated LSKs. Differential gene analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that oxidative phosphorylation pathway was strongly activated in the 6 Gy group
while the Hy-7 d+6 Gy group had enriched in chromatin remodeling and mRNA surveillance pathways. Conclusion Hypoxic preconditioning alleviates radiation-induced bone marrow injury
and post-irradiation normoxia restoration promotes hematopoietic recovery in acute radiation-exposed mice.
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