Protective mechanism of dexmedetomidine on early postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly: a metabonomic study

Yuanlin DU; Han SHE; Xiaofeng TANG; Bingqiang HUANG; Ji PENG; Liangming LIU; Tao LI; Yi HU

doi:10.16016/j.2097-0927.202303101

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Protective mechanism of dexmedetomidine on early postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly: a metabonomic study

Clinical Medicine | 更新时间：2026-01-09

- Protective mechanism of dexmedetomidine on early postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly: a metabonomic study
- Journal of Army Medical University Vol. 45, Issue 20, Pages: 2120-2131(2023)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.400042 重庆，陆军特色医学中心麻醉科
  2.400042 重庆，陆军特色医学中心野战外科研究部战伤休克与输血研究室，创伤、烧伤与复合伤国家重点实验室
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(81830065);the General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(82270523);the National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scholars of China(82300561)
- DOI：10.16016/j.2097-0927.202303101
  CLC： R749.2;R966;R971.2
- Received：15 March 2023，
  
  Revised：2023-04-08，
  
  Published：30 October 2023
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
Yuanlin DU, Han SHE, Xiaofeng TANG, et al. Protective mechanism of dexmedetomidine on early postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly: a metabonomic study[J]. Journal of Army Medical University, 2023, 45(20): 2120-2131.
DOI：

Yuanlin DU, Han SHE, Xiaofeng TANG, et al. Protective mechanism of dexmedetomidine on early postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly: a metabonomic study[J]. Journal of Army Medical University, 2023, 45(20): 2120-2131. DOI： 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202303101.

摘要

目的

通过对右美托咪定干预后老年患者术后早期认知功能相关代谢物测定，探讨右美托咪定保护术后早期认知功能的作用机理。

方法

采用随机、单盲、安慰剂对照研究设计方案，选择2022年1-5月陆军特色医学中心关节外科收治关节炎并接受关节置换手术(含髋关节置换术和膝关节置换术)的老年患者48例，其中男性10例，女性38例，平均年龄71.38(65~89)岁。按2 ∶1比例随机分为右美托咪定组(DEX组)32例和对照组(CON组，以相同的方法等容等速持续泵注0.9%生理盐水)16例。分别在术前、后1天采用简易智力状态检查量表(mini-mental state examination，MMSE)对患者认知功能进行评估。使用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱联用(ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with Q Exactive mass spectrometry，UHPLC-QE-MS)对患者血清样本进行代谢组学分析，筛选差异代谢物及其通路。

结果

以术后MMSE评分低于术前≥2分判定为POCD，DEX组、CON组发生率分别6.25%、37.5%，2组差异有统计学意义(

=5.419，

=0.02)。代谢组学检测出70种差异代谢物，DEX组十二酸乙酯、前列腺素D2、硫酸吲哚氧基、表油菜素内酯、二酰基甘油(18 ∶4/15 ∶0/0 ∶0)、甘油三酯H等明显下调；L-异亮氨酸、正亮氨酸、甜菜碱、3，3，5-三碘-L-酪氨酸-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷、磷脂酰胆碱(22 ∶6/16 ∶1)、磷脂酰胆碱(22 ∶5/14 ∶0)、磷脂酰胆碱(18 ∶4/18 ∶1)、脑磷脂(20 ∶3/14 ∶1)、甘油磷酸胆碱、L-丝氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸等显著上调；涉及的主要通路有甘油磷脂代谢，氨酰-tRNA生物合成，甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢通路，丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢通路等。

结论

右美托咪定能通过参与脂质代谢、氨基酸代谢等多种生物途径，抑制炎症反应、减轻氧化应激、改善突触结构和功能、调控细胞能量代谢等来保护术后早期认知功能。

Abstract

Objective

To investigate the protective mechanism of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on early postoperative cognitive function in the elderly by determining cognitive function-related metabolites during the early postoperative period following intervention.

Methods

A randomized

single-blind

placebo-controlled study was conducted on 48 elderly patients undergoing joint replacement surgery (including hip a

nd knee replacement surgeries) due to arthritis in Army medical center from January to May 2022. They were 10 males and 38 females

at an average age of 71.38 (ranging from 65 to 89) years. They were randomly divided into a Dex group (

=32) and a control group (CON group

receiving 0.9% saline at an equal rate and volume

via

same way

=16) in a ratio of 2 ∶1. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was performed to evaluate cognitive function before and 1 d after the surgery. Metabolomic analysis was carried out on the serum samples harvested on the day of surgery and 1 d after using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QE-MS) in order to screen for differential metabolites and their pathways.

Results

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) was defined as a decrease in MMSE score by ≥2 points when compared to the preoperative score. The incidence of POCD was 6.25% and 37.5%

respectively

in the Dex group and CON group

with statistical significance (

Chi

square

=5.419

=0.02). Metabolomics analysis revealed 70 differential metabolites

including significantly down-regulated compounds such as ethyl dodecanote

prostaglandin D2

Indoxyl sulfate

Epibrassinolide

Diacylglycerol (18 ∶4/15 ∶0/0 ∶0)

Ganoderide H. Up-regulated metabolites included

L-Alloisoleucine

L-Norleucine

Betaine

5-triiodo-L-thyronine-beta-D-glucuronoside

Phosphatidylcholine (22 ∶6/16 ∶1)

Phosphatidylcholine (22 ∶5/14 ∶0)

Phosphatidylcholine (18 ∶4/18 ∶1)

Cephalin (20 ∶3/14 ∶1)

Glycerophosphocholine

L-Serine

Gamma-Aminobutyric acid. The main pathways involved were glycerophospholipid metabolism

aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis

and pathways related to glycine

serine

and threonine metabolism

as well as pathways related to alanine

aspartate

and glutamate metabolism.

Conclusion

Dex protects early postoperative cognitive function by participating in various biological pathways such as lipid metabolism

amino acid metabolism

suppressing inflammatory reactions

alleviating oxidative stress

improving synaptic structure and function

and regulating cellular energy metabolism.

关键词

Keywords

references

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