Effects of childhood trauma on resilience in early adulthood and its dynamic regulatory mechanisms: a four-year follow-up study

Sitong SHEN; Zhaohua CHEN; Xiaoxiao SUN; Fei XIE; Beijing CHEN; Xuemei QIN; Mengjia ZHANG; Peixia SHI; Qin DAI

doi:10.16016/j.1000-5404.202007160

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Effects of childhood trauma on resilience in early adulthood and its dynamic regulatory mechanisms: a four-year follow-up study

Medical Psychology | 更新时间：2026-01-09

- Effects of childhood trauma on resilience in early adulthood and its dynamic regulatory mechanisms: a four-year follow-up study
- Journal of Third Military Medical University Vol. 43, Issue 4, Pages: 359-367(2021)
- 作者机构：
  
  400038 重庆，陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)护理系护理管理学教研室
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  the Pre-Research Foundation of Mandatory Military Medical Research of Army Medical Universit(2019ZLX003);the Key Education Project of Chongqing(162061);the Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2020jcyj-zdxmX0009);the Innovation Project of Military Medicine(18CXZ005)
- DOI：10.16016/j.1000-5404.202007160
  CLC： B844;B845.67;R395.6
- Received：20 July 2020，
  
  Revised：2020-10-20，
  
  Published：28 February 2021
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
Sitong SHEN, Zhaohua CHEN, Xiaoxiao SUN, et al. Effects of childhood trauma on resilience in early adulthood and its dynamic regulatory mechanisms: a four-year follow-up study[J]. Journal of Third Military Medical University, 2021, 43(4): 359-367.
DOI：

Sitong SHEN, Zhaohua CHEN, Xiaoxiao SUN, et al. Effects of childhood trauma on resilience in early adulthood and its dynamic regulatory mechanisms: a four-year follow-up study[J]. Journal of Third Military Medical University, 2021, 43(4): 359-367. DOI： 10.16016/j.1000-5404.202007160.

摘要

目的

揭示童年创伤对成年早期心理弹性的可能影响，进一步探索潜在的中介及动态调节机制。

方法

于2016年10月(T1)开始，至2019年10月(T4)对某军校大学本科生开展为期四年的问卷跟踪调查。每年进行问卷测评，测评工具包括儿童期创伤问卷、心理弹性量表、自我描述问卷、认知灵活性问卷、艾森克人格问卷、一般自我效能量感表、社会支持量表、应付方式问卷、青少年生活事件自评量表、贝克抑郁量表，对问卷得分进行相关、回归、结构方程模型分析。T1共有510名大学生参与调查，其中433名参与了4年跟踪调查。

结果

① 童年创伤与个体4年心理弹性得分均为显著负相关(

=-0.36~-0.12

0.05)。②童年创伤、抑郁、外向性、积极自我描述、自我效能感和认知灵活性得分对心理弹性得分存在预测作用(β=-0.22~0.34

0.05)。③童年创伤总分对心理弹性有直接负向预测作用(β=-0.12

0.001)，以及通过外向性、解决问题、积极自我描述、自我效能感和认知灵活性的间接作用(效应值为-0.41

0.001)。④童年创伤总分通过T1直接作用以及T2~T4的完全中介作用，T1~T4的延时中介作用稳定负向影响心理弹性得分(效应值为-0.11~-0.05

0.05)。⑤抑郁得分在童年创伤对心理弹性的综合模型、T3即时模型中存在调节作用(Δχ

=36.45~23.58

0.01)。

结论

童年创伤负向预测成年早期心理弹性，外向性、解决问题、积极自我描述、自我效能感、认知灵活性、抑郁在童年创伤和成年早期心理弹性之间起综合中介、调节作用，生活事件应激量、社会支持对心理弹性的影响具有即时、延时的时间特征。

Abstract

Objective

To reveal the possible effects of childhood trauma on resilience in early adulthood and explore its mediating and moderating mechanisms.

Methods

A series of follow-up questionnaire surveys were conducted in 4 consecutive years from October 2016 (T1) to October 2019 (T4) among the undergraduates of a military university. The evaluation tools included Childhood Trauma Questionnaire

Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale

Self-Description Scale

Cognitive Flexibility Inventory

Eysenck Personality Questionnaire

General Self-Efficacy Scale

Social-Support Scale

Coping Style Questionnaire

Adolescent Self-Rating Life-events Checklist

and Beck Depression Inventory. The questionnaire scores were analyzed using correlation

regression and structural equation model. A total of 510 college students participated in the survey at T1

and 433 of them finished the whole 4-year investigation.

Results

① Childhood trauma were negatively correlated with the resilience scores of the 4 successive years (

=-0.36~-0.12

0.05). ② Regression analysis showed that childhood trauma

depression

extroversion

positive self-description

self-efficacy and cognitive flexibility played predictive roles in the resilience score (β=-0.22~0.34

0.05). ③The total score of childhood trauma presented a direct negative predictive effect on resilience (β=-0.12

0.001)

and indirectly predicted resilience through mediators of extroversion

problem solving

positive self-description

self-efficacy and cognitive flexibility (indirect effect value -0.41

0.001). ④The total score of childhood trauma exerted a stable negative effect on the score of resilience during T1

and a complete mediating effect during T2 and T4

and the delayed mediating effect during T1 and T4 stably affected the score of resilience in a negative model (effect value: -0.11~-0.05

0.05). ⑤ Depression score had moderating effects in the comprehensive model as well as in the T3 instant model (Δχ

=36.45~23.58

0.01).

Conclusion

The total score of childhood trauma shows direct and negative predictive effect on the early-adulthood resilience

and has a continuously negative prediction through a mediation-moderate mechanism. The impacts of life events stress

as well as social support on resilience

have the characteristics of immediate and delayed time.

关键词

Keywords

references

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