Current progress and future perspective in combat stress reactions

Zhengzhi FENG; Jia WANG

doi:10.16016/j.1000-5404.201809150

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Current progress and future perspective in combat stress reactions

Military Medicine | 更新时间：2026-01-09

- Current progress and future perspective in combat stress reactions
- Journal of Third Military Medical University Vol. 41, Issue 4, Pages: 275-281(2019)
- 作者机构：
  
  400038 重庆，陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)医学心理系
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  the Key Project of the "Thirteenth Five-year Plan" of Medical and Health Research of PLA(BWS16J012);the Innovation Project of Commission of Science and Technology of the Central Military Commission(17-163-12-ZT-001-144);the Social Science Fund of Third Military Medical University(2016XRW04)
- DOI：10.16016/j.1000-5404.201809150
  CLC： R395.1;R82
- Received：21 September 2018，
  
  Revised：2018-11-05，
  
  Published：28 February 2019
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
Zhengzhi FENG, Jia WANG. Current progress and future perspective in combat stress reactions[J]. Journal of Third Military Medical University, 2019, 41(4): 275-281.
DOI：

Zhengzhi FENG, Jia WANG. Current progress and future perspective in combat stress reactions[J]. Journal of Third Military Medical University, 2019, 41(4): 275-281. DOI： 10.16016/j.1000-5404.201809150.

摘要

Abstract

Soldiers in the combat field may demonstrate such non-adaptive reactions as panic disorder

narrow visual field and hearing disturbance

which potentially cause non-combat attrition and compromise the high-level cognitive functions (reasoning

judgment and decision-making). These non-adaptive reactions

known collectively as combat stress reactions (CSR)

can be categorized into different subtypes based on the severity and types of the symptoms. The protective factors against CSR include social support

positive copping style

self-efficacy

strong team leadership and group cohesion

which all help to reduce the impact of stress events. The threat of death

harsh environment and poor health condition are the risk factors that contribute to the occurrence of CSR. Studies of CSR in a neurological perspective revealed that in the event of CSR

catecholamine release might promote the levels of alertness and excitability of an individual to enhance the combat efficacy; excessive alertness in this scenario

however

may cause overestimation of the risk information. Meanwhile

the interaction between the activated amygdala and the prefrontal cortex interferes with the execution control functions

leading to possible irrational behaviors. Long-term stress may even change the brain structure and potentially cause post-trauma stress disorder (PTSD). Based on these observations

military psychologists proposed several intervention principles for CSR

including PIE

IMPRESS and BICEPS. These principles point to the importance of simple and quick handling of CSR with necessary physical

emotional and social support to help the soldiers regain combat abilities soon. The specific measures of CSR control include battle mind debriefing

trauma risk management

eye movement desensitization and reprocessing

and ego-state therapy. Future studies of CSR will focus on developing quick evaluation tools and standards and accurate prediction of CSR occurrence; reinforcement of combat-oriented simulation training and establishment of systemic strategies of countermeasures against CSR; reinforcement of CSR management in combat field and establishment of CSR control unit in the field hospitals; and exploration of the mechanisms of CSR occurrence and the pathways that mediate its effects.

关键词

Keywords

references

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