1.重庆医科大学附属大学城医院胸外科,重庆 401331
2.陆军军医大学大坪医院胸外科,重庆 400042
Received:01 September 2025,
Revised:2025-11-21,
Accepted:09 December 2025,
Published:28 March 2026
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陶绍霖,周于钦,康珀铭,等.机器人全孔道前上纵隔巨大肿瘤切除术:肋间与剑突下入路的对比研究[J].重庆医科大学学报,2026,51(3):314-322.
Tao Shaolin,Zhou Yuqin,Kang Poming,et al.Robot-assisted total portal resection of large anterosuperior mediastinal tumors: a comparative study of the intercostal approach versus the subxiphoid approach[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,2026,51(3):314-322.
陶绍霖,周于钦,康珀铭,等.机器人全孔道前上纵隔巨大肿瘤切除术:肋间与剑突下入路的对比研究[J].重庆医科大学学报,2026,51(3):314-322. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.004031.
Tao Shaolin,Zhou Yuqin,Kang Poming,et al.Robot-assisted total portal resection of large anterosuperior mediastinal tumors: a comparative study of the intercostal approach versus the subxiphoid approach[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,2026,51(3):314-322. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.004031.
目的
2
比较机器人辅助全孔道手术中经肋间与剑突下2种入路用于治疗前上纵隔巨大肿瘤(直径≥5 cm)的围术期及随访结果,为临床手术入路选择提供依据。
方法
2
回顾性分析2017年1月至2023年4月由陆军军医大学大坪医院胸外科同一团队完成的150例机器人全孔道前上纵隔巨大肿瘤切除术患者的临床资料。根据手术入路分为肋间组(
n
=86)和剑突下组(
n
=64)。收集并比较2组患者基线资料、术中指标(手术时间、Docking时间、机器人操作时间、出血量、中转开胸率、淋巴结清扫数目)、术后恢复情况(疼痛评分、引流时间、并发症、住院时间)及肿瘤学随访结果。
结果
2
2组基线资料差异无统计学意义(
P
>
0.05)。肋间组总手术时间和机器人操作时间显著短于剑突下组[(107.51±44.13) min vs. (140.31±34.48) min,
P
<
0.001;(54.20±31.19) min vs. (75.12±27.03) min,
P
<
0.001]。剑突下组术后疼痛评分更低(3.99±0.99 vs. 4.97±1.08,
P
<
0.001),淋巴结清扫数目更多[(5.20±3.07)枚 vs. (3.13±2.15)枚,
P
=0.012]。2组在术中出血量、中转开胸率及总体并发症发生率上差异无统计学意义(
P
>
0.05)。中位随访38个月,2组生存及复发率差异无统计学意义。
结论
2
机器人辅助切除前上纵隔巨大肿瘤时,经肋间入路与更短的手术时间相关,更适合偏侧性肿瘤;经剑突下入路有助于减轻术后疼痛并实现更彻底的淋巴结清扫,更适合中线或需双侧清扫的肿瘤。术者应根据肿瘤解剖特点、技术熟练度及患者康复需求个体化选择手术入路。
Objective
2
To compare the perioperative and follow-up outcomes between the intercostal approach and the subxiphoid approach in robot-assisted total portal resection of large anterosuperior mediastinal tumors(with a diameter of ≥5 cm),and to provide a basis for selecting the optimal surgical approach in clinical practice.
Methods
2
A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 150 patients who underwent robot-assisted total portal resection of large anterosuperior mediastinal tumors by a single surgical team in Department of thoracic surgery,Daping Hospital,Army Medical University,from January 2017 to April 2023. According to the surgical approach,the patients were divided into intercostal group with 86 patients and subxiphoid group with 64 patients. The two groups were compared in terms of baseline data,intraoperative parameters(time of operation,docking time,time of robot-assisted operation,blood loss,rate of conversion to thoracotomy,and number of dissected lymph nodes),postoperative recovery(pain score,duration of drainage,complications,and length of hospital stay),and oncological follow-up results.
Results
2
There were no significant differences in baseline data between the two groups(
P
>
0.05). Compared with the subxiphoid group,the intercostal group had a significantly shorter total time of operation[(107.51±44.13) min vs. (140.31±34.48) min,
P
<
0.001
]
and a significantly shorter time of robot-assisted operation[(54.20±31.19) min vs. (75.12±27.03) min,
P
<
0.001
]
. Compared with the intercostal group,the subxiphoid group had a significantly lower postoperative pain score(3.99±0.99 vs. 4.97±1.08,
P
<
0.001) and a significantly higher number of dissected lymph nodes(5.20±3.07 vs. 3.13±2.15,
P
=0.012). There were no significant differences between the two groups in blood loss,the rate of conv
ersion to thoracotomy,and the overall incidence rate of complications(
P
>
0.05). The median follow-up time was 38 months,and there were no significant differences in survival and recurrence rates between the two groups.
Conclusion
2
For robot-assisted resection of large anterosuperior mediastinal tumors,the intercostal approach is associated with a shorter time of operation and is more suitable for lateralized tumor,whereas the subxiphoid approach can help to alleviate postoperative pain and achieve a more thorough lymph node dissection and is thus more suitable for midline tumors or tumors requiring bilateral dissection. Surgeons should select the appropriate surgical approach based on tumor anatomy,surgical proficiency,and patient recovery expectations.
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